To translate is not to decodify, nor to deciper, but to interpret. Therefore, translation theory should be grounded in sign theory, and, precisely, semiotics of interpretation. The present article argues that the typology translation proposed by Roman Jakobson may be further developed and extended to semiosis in its entirety, to the biosemiosphere, and not simply limited to the human world. Furthermore, it discusses how the problem of translation is closely connected with the problem of reported discourse and, therefore, with the problem of alterity. For this reason, translation is inseparable from the problem of dialogue where the terms involved are connected by a relation of reciprocal responsive understanding thanks to their condition of irreducible extralocalization.