In the ancient period in India, no specific theory of translation was recorded, since creative writing and translation were never considered as two separate processes. Many modern translators however have recorded their experiences and reflections. The development of theoretical literature as part of translator training, as well as further studies in translation introduced in academic institutions after the 1970s, have also contributed to a change in attitude. The present essay, while proposing the model of 'transcreation' and exploring Sri Aurobindo's psycho-spiritual theory of translation, locates a disjuncture between Indian and Western approaches.