This article deals with subjectivity and rigour, referring in particular to the Latin American case. In his treatment of subjectivity, the author examines the traditional Eurocentric vision that has dominated cultural studies in and on Latin America. He denounces what he considers to be simplistic and even racist approaches. He then puts forward some local concepts taken form cultural, literary, of philosophical studies, that better translate the complexity of the Latin American cultural reality. Some general orientations are given to help 'localize' Translation Studies in the particular field of history in this part of the postcolonial world. Among other factors, rigour is crucial in a field where firsthand sources are scarce. The author also encourages a necessary subjectivity expressed through a local discourse and periodization.