This paper deals with the translation of academic documents which are frequently the object of sworn translations, such as diplomas, transcripts of records, academic reports or diploma recognitions. One of the main problems posed by this type of translation lies in the fact that many of the concepts have no equivalence in the target language. This is due to the important differences in education systems and administrative procedures. The author suggests various translation procedures to face the translation of concepts which have no equivalent in the target language. Furthermore, the article analyses the different grading systems and offers some tables of equivalences and a translation system.