While subtitles are translated texts usually displayed below the image, as on a cinema or television screen, surtitles are most often displayed above the stage, in live opera and theatre performances. This chapter highlights the fact that subtitling and surtitling differ substantially in their requirements and techniques, and proceeds to discuss surtitling as the most common approach to the translation of operatic texts. The author offers a detailed analysis of the process, without forgetting the problems and pitfalls facing translators in this specialised field.