This chapter is concerned with the translation of “sacred” texts from their original language(s). It discusses translations of the Bible (the sacred book of Judaism and of Christianity) in some detail; then, more briefly, translations of the Qur’an (the sacred book of Islam); and, very briefly, translation of Buddhist texts (in particular from Indian languages into Chinese). The space given to each tradition is intended to reflect, not the relative “importance” of the texts, but the complexity of the translation process in each case. The chapter then discusses recent debates about biblical translation, in particular the views of Eugene A. Nida. Finally different translations of one biblical text (Psalm 2), and one Qur’anic text (the “Light Verse” from Surah 24) are compared.