It is generally accepted that the absence of theory in translating theatre texts is connected to the nature of the playtexts itself, which exists in a dialectical relationship with the performance of that same text. There is a large body of work that seeks to investigate the relationship between the written play and its performance, though much of this is either descriptive or speculative. The labyrinthine difficulties of describing and analysing what takes place when a playtext is transposed from one language into another and performed in that second language extend the problematics of the relationship between play and performance much further and compound the problems. This chapter will explore some of those complexities.