Peirce studied feelings and emotions as carriers of dynamics and energy in cultural and mental processes; as such, they contribute to growth and accumulation of knowledge, which is the precondition for the construction of memory and experience. The following chapter studies the essential function of emotions in the cognitive chain of feeling-reasoning-experience-memory from the Peircean perspective and within the context of contemporary theories of the biology of mind. Subsequently, the biological functions of emotions under discussion will be complemented by a comparison with studies on the theory of symbolic forms, in particular with the notion of images as cultural forms and as vehicles and transmitters of collective emotions and experience.