This article aims to incorporate the historical dimension and to look into modern Latin American viewpoints on translation – both translation theory and Translation Studies – situating them within the postcolonial critical framework, which to some extent overlap with postmodernism, poststructuralism and postcriticism. The paper identifies new registers, translation procedures and sources of theorization suggesting a paradigm shift in translation in Latin America. The main purpose is to indicate the possible dimensions and some of the trajectories, highlighting Augusto de Campos.