Translation and Interpreting Studies research has traditionally drawn on progress models to describe professionalisation processes. This paper will argue that an alternative approach based on two processual concepts, namely Anselm Strauss’s ‘social worlds’ (1978) and Thomas Gieryn’s ‘boundary work’ (1983) might offer new insights. Social worlds are interrelated agglomerations of agents who participate in certain activities and develop shared commitments and ideologies. Boundary work refers to the construction and maintenance of similarities and differences for inclusion in and exclusion from a group. To demonstrate the application of this theoretical-methodological framework, Grbić will map the social worlds involved in the organisation of sign language interpreting in Austria at three crucial stages. She will discuss how the interrelations between the social worlds have influenced institutionalisation and professionalisation and how these in turn have shaped the social world of the sign language interpreters as well as the social world of deaf people.