In this chapter, Raw and Gurr turn to the use of translation and adaptation in the context of teaching English language and culture in Turkish higher education institutions. While translation is primarily if not exclusively used as a tool for language teaching as well as a means of assessment of language proficiency, instances of adaptation do not necessarily play a role in a ‘lecture-driven university environment’. Raw and Gurr argue translation and adaptation are fundamental to the process of constructing knowledge for learners and educators alike.