In this paper, the author aims to focus on the apparatus of translation from an ideological point of view. The questions posed in this article are fundamental and relate to motivation, they also determine the course of the author’s lecture, i.e. 1) why translate?; 2) what to translate?; 3) Who will translate? Furthermore, the author roots these questions in a specific geographical, historical and political milieu: the Spain constructed by the regime of General Franco following the Civil War of 1936-39.