This chapter develops the idea that translation constructs homologies between a text from a source culture and its rendering into the target culture. The homology is defined by Pierre Bourdieu as a "resemblance in difference". The homological principle of translation is demonstrated in particular in Ernest Hemingway's novels, the intertext of which lies in Sherwood Anderson's, Gertrude Stein's, and Ezra Pound's works. For example, Hemingway borrows the "precise image" doctrine from Pound, getting rid of adjectives and adverbs. French translators of Hemingway have rarely followed him in the minimalist adventure of his extremely simple style. In fact, early translators of any author tend not to recognize the intertextual contribution of former authors to the author being translated. Translation then appears to be a rendering of the significance of a work by a process of rehistoricization, so that values found in the original source culture may also be felt as values in the target culture of translation, in particular in the intertext of the work.