Working collaboratively and across several disciplines, the authors bring together Translation Studies and Peircean semiotics. Originally presented as a panel discussion at the 1998 EST Congress in Granada, Spain, the essay was later featured in a special issue of Athanor. Hodgson’s contribution illustrates connections between Bible translation and the Peircean notion of signs. Goethals extends the discussion into the realm of the visual, applying Peirce to the translation and re-presentation of biblical texts in comic book form. Stecconi casts light into the famous ‘little black box’ with insights derived from Peirce, while Proni clarifies a number of the foundational concepts and ideas that constitute semiotics in the Peircean sense. Finally, Robinson applies Peirce to the teaching of translation and finds in him a helpful pedagogical tool.