Language ecology
Table of contents
There are probably between 6,500 and 10,000 spoken (oral) languages in the world, and possibly an equal number of sign languages. The most comprehensive listing of the world’s (mostly oral) languages (on-line searchable) is in the 13th edition (1996) of Ethnologue, edited by Barbara F. Grimes of the Summer Institute of Linguistics (http://www.sil.org/ethnologue/). This lists more than 6,800 languages spoken in 228 countries.
References
Brenzinger, M.
(ed.) 1992 Language death: factual and theoretical explorations with special reference to East Africa. Mouton de Gruyter. BoP
Capotorti, F.
Cobarrubias, J.
1983 Ethical issues in status planning. In J. Cobarrubias & J. Fishman (eds.) Progress in language planning: 41–85. Mouton. BoP
Dasgupta, P.
Fettes, M.
Fishman, J.A., A.W. Conrad & A. Rubal-Lopez
(eds.) 1996 Post-Imperial English. Status Change in Former British and American Colonies, 1940–1990. Mouton de Gruyter. BoP
Graddol, D.
Grenoble, L. & L. Whaley
1996 Endangered Languages: Current Issues and Future Prospects. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 118: 209–223. BoP
(eds.) 1998 Endangered Languages: Current Issues and Future Prospects. Cambridge University Press. BoP
Grin, F. & F. Vaillancourt
Hamel, R.E.
Hamelink, C.J.
Harmon, D.
Hassanpour, A.
Hinton, L.
Huss, L.
Illich, I.
Kontra, M., R. Phillipson, T. Skutnabb-Kangas & T. Várady
(eds.) 1999 Language: a Right and a Resource. Approaching Linguistic Human Rights. Central European University Press. BoP
Léger, S.
Maffi, L.
Maffi, L., T. Skutnabb-Kangas & J. Andrianarivo
1999 Linguistic diversity. In D.A. Posey (ed.) Cultural and Spiritual Values of Biodiversity: 19–57. Intermediate Technology Publications. BoP
Maffi, L.
May, S.
1999 Language and Education Rights for Indigenous Peoples. In S. May (ed.) Indigenous community-based education: 42–66. Multilingual Matters. BoP
Mazrui, A.
Mcarthur, T.
Mcrae, K.D.
Mühlhäusler, P.
1996 Linguistic ecology. Language change and linguistic imperialism in the Pacific region. Routledge. BoP
Parakrama, A.
1995 De-hegemonizing language standards. Learning from (Post)colonial Englishes about ‘English’. Macmillan. BoP
Pennycook, A.
Phillipson, R.
Phillipson, R. & T. Skutnabb
Robinson, C.
Skutnabb-Kangas, T.
1988 Multilingualism and the Education of Minority Children. In T. Skutnabb-Kangas & J. Cummins (eds.) Minority education: 9–44. Multilingual Matters. BoP
1998 Human rights and language wrongs – a future for diversity. In P. Benson, P. Grundy & T. Skutnabb-Kangas (eds.) Language rights. Special issue Language Sciences 20(1): 5–27. BoP
Skutnabb-Kangas, T. & R. Phillipson
Thornberry, P.
Tsuda, Y.
Williams, G.