Embodied interaction with face masks and social distancing: Brazilian health care workers’ daily routines in pandemic times

Ulrike Schröder and Sineide Gonçalves
Abstract

In this article, we ask how interlocutors proceed with their daily activities in the first months of the Covid-19 pandemic when faced with new ways of communication due to social distancing and the use of face masks. We carried out a fine-grained analysis of different micropractices from daily work in a healthcare center in Brazil and built our analysis on multimodal conversation analysis (MCA), interactional linguistics (IC), as well as gesture studies (GS). The analysis revealed that particularly the following recurrent patterns seem to be characteristic for communication during the pandemic in the given microcontexts: (a) a high use of deictic gestures, (b) an intensification of prosodic means, (c) verbal strategies such as reformulation and repetition, (d) the integration of object manipulation and (e) mitigation strategies in case of new formats that imply intrusion such as controls at travel checkpoints.

Keywords:
Publication history
Table of contents

The Covid-19 pandemic has not only provoked a global health crisis but has also brought about severe bio-social consequences with regard to the interactional space people inhabit, where they routinely enact their daily practices and communicate with other individuals. Some of the most crucial public policies people have experienced particularly over the first two years of the pandemic due to the high infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 have been lockdowns, social distancing and the wearing of face masks. As a consequence, the pandemic has deeply changed the multisensorial ways through which people have engaged with each other: Our proxemic orientation in focused gatherings, displayed by body position, posture, gaze, addressed gestures and shared attention (Mondada 2013), has shifted significantly. Studies have shown that face-to-face communication between interlocutors wearing a face mask obstructs understanding each other at least partially, especially with regard to higher pitched voices; in addition to that, it covers the middle and lower face as a field of gestural expression (Mheidly et al. 2020).

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