Ch. 9 | Exercise 6

Chapter 9
Finite and Nonfinite Clauses

Exercise 9.6
The Form of Nonfinite Clauses

1.

Give D structure trees for the nonfinite Aux + V in the following sentences (but do not change passive to active).

a.

Williams continued driving to the corner. (coca:news)

b.

Mr. Shapiro clearly wants to be running this defense team. (coca:spok)

c.

Julie admits having stolen her father's money. (coca:fic)

d.

Having been elected as a champion of the “forgotten middle class”, Clinton will immediately bump up against unpleasant realities. (coca:news)

e.

I don’t recall having asked for you, Peter! (coca:fic)

f.

One of them even reported his having been seen off the coast of the British Zone on a red yacht. (coca:acad)

g.

I much preferred to be thought of as a stylish dowager. (coca:fic)

h.

He’d never before heard her say anything remotely like okey-dokey. (coca:fic)

i.

All the birds seem to have disappeared from the city. (coca:fic)

j.

New York City's budget crisis appeared to have been settled. (coca:news)

k.

The young star wanted to strike out on his own. (coca:mag)

l.

Removed from the ocean, Sarbin's slick skin would quickly dry out and crack. (coca:fic)

2.

Draw D structure trees for the embedded S in each of the following (but do not change passive to active). For each PRO, say whether it is controlled or indefinite; if controlled, say what in the matrix clause controls it.

a.

I asked my professor what books to read for the course.

b.

I was sad to have been ignored by my friend.

c.

Coconuts are difficult to crack open.

d.

We enjoyed the music performed in the park last night.

e.

The trick is how to install the software.

f.

Some tablets written in cuneiform were found in Turkey.

g.

He didn’t know whether to be included in the project.

h.

This sentence is easy to parse.

i.

We found that program very enjoyable to watch.

j.

Mountain climbing is a dangerous sport for Robert to take up.

1.
a.

f1.svg

b.

f2.svg

c.

f3.svg

d.

f4.svg

e.

f5.svg

f.

f6.svg

g.

f7.svg

h.

f8.svg

i.

f9.svg

j.

f10.svg

k.

f11.svg

l.

f12.svg

2.
a.

subject PRO controlled by subject of matrix clause

f13.svg

b.

subject PRO controlled by subject of matrix clause

f14.svg

c.

indefinite subject PRO

object PRO controlled by subject of matrix clause

f15.svg

d.

subject PRO controlled by object of matrix clause

f16.svg

e.

indefinite subject PRO

f17.svg

f.

subject PRO controlled by subject of matrix clause

f18.svg

g.

subject PRO controlled by subject of matrix clause

f19.svg

h.

indefinite subject PRO

object PRO controlled by subject of matrix clause

f20.svg

i.

subject PRO controlled by subject of matrix clause

object PRO controlled by object of matrix clause

f21.svg

j.

object PRO controlled by subject of matrix clause

f22.svg