From COVID-19 to climate change, the society we live in today is filled with uncertainty. The need for risk management has never been higher and translation is no exception. Since the mid-2000s, translation studies (TS) has seen a slow but steady increase in the number of researchers interested in exploring the relationship between risk and translation. Among them, two approaches have emerged. One focuses on the influence of risk on translator decision-making (e.g., Pym 2015; Pym and Matsushita 2018; Matsushita 2019; Pym 2020), and the other centers around the economic implications of risk management in the translation industry (e.g., Lammers 2011; Nitzke, Hansen-Schirra, and Canfora 2019; Nurminen 2019; Canfora & Ottmann 2020). The former has raised many questions worthy of scholarly attention which will be the main focus of this entry. The latter includes practical advice to the stakeholders of translation projects (e.g., project managers, clients, translators, post-editors), which will also be discussed though to a lesser extent.
References
Bernstein, Peter L.
1998Against the Gods: The Remarkable Story of Risk. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
2011 “Risk Management in Localization.” In Translation and Localization Project Management: The Art of the Possible, ed. by Keiran J. Dunne, and Elena S. Dunne, 211–232. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Magee, John H., and David L. Bickelhaupt
1964General Insurance. 7th ed. Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin.
Matsushita, Kayo
2019When News Travels East: Translation Practices by Japanese Newspapers. Leuven: Leuven University Press.
Nitzke, Jean, Silvia Hansen-Schirra, and Carmen Canfora
2019 “Risk Management and Post-Editing Competence.” Journal of Specialised Translation 31: 239–59.
2005 "Text and Risk in Translation." In New Tendencies in Translation Studies, ed. by Karin Aijmer and Cecilia Alvstad, 69–82. Gothenburg: Göteborg University.
Pym, Anthony
2015 “Translating as Risk Management.” Journal of Pragmatics 85: 67–80. .
Pym, Anthony
2020 “Translation, Risk Management and Cognition.” In Routledge Handbook of Translation and Cognition, ed. by Fabio Alves, and Arnt Lykke Jakobsen, 445–458. London: Routledge.
Pym, Anthony, and Kayo Matsushita
2018 “Risk Mitigation in Translator Decisions.” Across Languages and Cultures 19 (1): 1–18. .
Wilss, Wolfram
2005 “Übersetzen als Sonderform des Risikomanagements [Translation as a special form of risk management].” Meta 50 (2): 656–664.
Further essential reading
Angelone, Erik
2010 “Uncertainty, Uncertainty Management, and Metacognitive Problem Solving in the Translation Task.” In Translation and Cognition, ed. by Gregory M. Shreve, and Erik Angelone, 17–40. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
2008 “On Omission in Simultaneous Interpreting: Risk Analysis of a Hidden Effort.” In Efforts and Models in Interpreting and Translation Research: A Tribute to Daniel Gile, ed. by Gyde Hansen, Andrew Chesterman, and Heidrun Gerzymisch-Arbogast, 83–105. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Pym, Anthony
2008 “On Toury’s Laws of How Translators Translate.” In Beyond Descriptive Translation Studies: Investigations in Homage to Gideon Toury, ed. by Anthony Pym, Miriam Shlesinger, and Daniel Simeoni, 311–28. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Pym, Anthony
2016 “Risk Analysis as a Heuristic Tool in the Historiography of Interpreters: For an Understanding of Worst Practices.” In New Insights in the History of Interpreting, ed. by Kayoko Takeda, and Jesús Baigorri-Jalón, 247–68. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.