Orientations de la recherche en traduction audiovisuelle

Yves Gambier
Université de Turku, Finlande

Résumé

En une décennie, les transferts linguistiques à la télévision, au cinéma, pour les vidéos ont fait l’objet de réflexions nombreuses, ponctuelles souvent. Il y a encore peu d’études systématiques touchant leur production et leur réception, touchant leurs effets culturels et langagiers. Le transfert est encore fréquemment perçu comme exclusivement “pratique”, sinon mécanique. Par ailleurs, et de manière paradoxale, on doit noter une prédominance de la perspective linguistique, alors même que l’objet est multisémiotique, combinant images, sons, langage (oral et écrit), couleurs, proxémique, gestuel, etc, intégrés aux codes de l’audiovisuel (mise en scène, suite de séquences et de plans, jeu des voix et des lumières, scénographie, conventions narratives, etc.). Deux facteurs expliquent sans doute ce paradoxe et cette limitation : d’une part, la formation de la plupart des chercheurs, marquée par les langues et la littérature, d’autre part les contraintes de publication (imprimée) à deux dimensions. L’extension des modes de transfert et les possibilités offertes par les cédéroms, le DVD...qui permettent l’accès aux images et à la bande sonore devraient peu à peu modifier les orientations actuelles, encore dominées par le sous-titrage et l’analyse du verbal. Après avoir circonscrit le domaine (Section 1 et 2), nous aborderons successivement le sous-titrage (Section 3), les autres modes de transfert (Section 4) et leurs implications théoriques et socio-culturelles (Section 5). L’ensemble qui suit est marqué d’une conviction : la traduction audiovisuelle (TAV) n’est pas toujours un problème ou une constellation de problèmes mais une solution et un atout dans les échanges culturels internationaux multilingues.

Keywords:
Table des matières

La compilation d’une bibliographie spécialisée en 1994 avait abouti à un total de 730 références. Une seconde edition, trois années plus tard, doublait [ p. 262 ]presque le nombre de titres collectés (Gambier 1997). Plusieurs phénomènes expliquent sans doute cette évolution rapide.

Full-text access is restricted to subscribers. Log in to obtain additional credentials. For subscription information see Subscription & Price. Direct PDF access to this article can be purchased through our e-platform.

[ p. 283 ]Réferences

Agost, Rosa
1999Traducción y doblaje: palabras, voces e imágenes. Barcelona: Ariel.Google Scholar
2004 “Translation in bilingual contexts: Different norms in dubbing transla¬tion”. Orero 2004 . 63–82.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Alexieva, Bistra
1997 “A typology of Interpreter-mediated events”. The translator 3:2. 153–174.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1999 “Interpreter-mediated TV events”. Target 11:2. 329–356.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2001 “Interpreter-mediated television live interviews”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 113–124. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Assis Rosa, Alexandra
2001 “Features of oral and written communication in subtitling”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 213–221. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Avila, Alejandro
1997El doblaje. Madrid: Cátedra.Google Scholar
Babel
6:3 1960Cinéma et traduction.Google Scholar
Baccolini, Raffaella, Rosa Maria Bollettieri Bosinelli&Laura Gavioli
eds. 1994Il doppiaggio: Trasposiozioni linguistiche e culturali. Bologna: CLUEB.Google Scholar
Ballester Casado, Ana
2001Traducción y nacionalismo: La recepción del cine americano en España a través del doblaje (1928–1948). Granada:Editorial Comares.Google Scholar
2003 “La traducción de referencias culturales en el doblaje: el caso de American Beauty (Sam Mendes, 1999)”. Sendebar 14. 77–96.Google Scholar
Bartrina, Francesca
2004 “The challenge of research in audiovisual translation”. Orero 2004 . 157–168. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Benecke, Bernd
2004 “Audiodescription”. Meta 49:1. 78–80.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Biq, Yung-O.
1993 “From TV talk to screen caption”. Text 13:3. 351–369. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bollettieri Bosinelli, Rosa Mari
a1994 “Film dubbing: Linguistic and cultural issues”. Il Traduttore Nuovo 42:1. 7–28.Google Scholar
Bollettieri Bosinelli, Rosa Maria, Christine Heiss, Marcello Soffritti and Silvia Bernardini
eds. 2000La traduzione multimediale: Quale traduzione per quale testo? / Multimedia translation: Which translation for which text? Bologna: CLUEB.Google Scholar
Cadernos de Tradução
7: 1 2001 53–306.Google Scholar
Caillé, Pierre
1960 “Cinéma et traduction: le traducteur devant l’écran”. Babel 6:3. 103–109.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1967 “La traduction au cinéma”. Le linguiste 13:5–6. 1–4.Google Scholar
Card, Lorin
1998 “Je vois ce que vous voulez dire. Essai sur la notion d’équivalence dans les”. Meta 43:2.205—219.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Carotta, Anna. Alessandro Tampieri
2000 “Duello all’alaba: Doppiaggio e sottotitoli a confronto“. Bolettieri Bosinelli et al. 2000 . 65–81.Google Scholar
Cary, Edmond
1960 “La traduction totale”. Babel 6:3. 110–115.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cattrysse, Patrick
1992 “Film adaptation as translation: Some methodological proposals”. Target 4:1. 53–70.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2000 “Media translation: Plea for an interdisciplinary approach”. VS 85–87, 1–269.Google Scholar
2001 “Multimedia and translation: Methodological considerations”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 1–12.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
[ p. 284 ]
Cerón, Clara
2001 “Punctuating subtitles: Topographical conventions and their evolution”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 173–177.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Chaume, Frederic
2003Doblatge i subtitulació per a la TV. Eumo, Vic.Google Scholar
2004a “Film Studies and Translation Studies: Two disciplines at stake in audiovisual translation”. Meta 49: 1. 12–24.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2004b: Cine y traducción. Madrid: Cátedra.Google Scholar
2004 “Synchronization in dubbing: A translational approach”. Orero 2004 . 35–52. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Chaume Varela, Frederic
2001 “Más allá de la lingüistica textual”. Duro 2001 . 65–81.Google Scholar
Chaume, Frederic & Rosa Agost
eds. 2001La traducción en los medios audiovisuales. Cas¬telló: Publicacions de la Universitat Jaume I.Google Scholar
Chaume, Frederic & C. Garcia de Toro
2001 “El doblaje en España: anglicismos frecuentes en la traducción de textos audiovisuals”. Rivista internazionale di technica della tradu¬zione 6. 119–137.Google Scholar
Chaves Garcia, Maria José
2000La traducción cinematográfica: el doblaje. Huelva: Univer¬sidad de Huelva.Google Scholar
Chen, Chapman
2004 “On the Hong Kong Chinese subtitling of English swearwords”. Meta 49: 1. 135–147.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Circuit
33, juin 1991. Les sous-titres: ennemis ou complices?
Cros, Anna, M. Segarra & A.M. Torrent
eds. 2000Llengua oral e llengua exscrita a la televisió. Barcelona: Abadia de Montserrat.Google Scholar
Danan, Martine
1994From nationalism to globalization: France’s challenges to Hollywood hegemony. Michigan Technological University. [Ph.D.]Google Scholar
1996 “A la recherche d’une stratégie internationale: Hollywood et le mar¬ché français des années 1930”. Gambier 1996 . 109–130.Google Scholar
2004 “Captioning and subtitling: Undervalued language learning strate¬gies”. Meta 49:1. 67–77.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Delabastita, Dirk
1989 “Translation and mass-communication: Film and TV translation as evidence of cultural dynamics”. Babel 35: 4. 193–218.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1990 “Translation and the mass-media”. Susan Bassnett & André Lefeve¬re., eds. Translation. history and culture. London&New York : Pinter Publishers 1990 97–109.Google Scholar
Delisle, Paul
1934 “Dubbing ou version originale sous-titrée?Avant-Scène, 31.3, 7.4&21.4.1934.Google Scholar
Dewolf, Linda
2001 “Surtitling operas with examples of translation from German into French and Dutch”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 179–188.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Diaz-Cintas, Jorge
2001La traducción audiovisual: el subtitulado. Salamanca : Ed. Almar.Google Scholar
2003Teoriá y práctica de la subtitulación. Inglés/Español. Barcelona : ArielGoogle Scholar
Diaz Cintas, Jorge
2004 “In search of theoretical framework for screen translation”. Orero 2004 . 21–34. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Diaz Fernandez, José Ramón
2001 “An annotated checklist of Shakespeare on screen stu-dies”. Cadernos de Tradução 7:1. 259–290.Google Scholar
Di Fortunato Eleonora&Mario Paolinelli
eds. 1996La questione doppiaggio: Barriere linguistiche e circolazione delle opere audiovisive. Roma: AIDAC.Google Scholar
[ p. 285 ]
Di Giovanni, Elena
2003 “Cultural otherness and global communication in Walt Disney films at the turn of the century”. The translator 9:2. 207–229.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Dollerup, Cay
1974 “On subtitles in TV programmes”. Babel 20:4. 197–202.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Dries J.
1995Dubbing and subtitling: Guidelines for production and distribution. Düsseldorf: European Institute for the Media.Google Scholar
Dries, Joséphine
1996 “Circulation des programmes télévisés et des films en Europe”. Gambier 1996 . 15–32.Google Scholar
Duro, Miguel
ed. 2001La traducción para el doblaje y la subtitulación. Madrid: Cátedra.Google Scholar
Duro Moreno, Miguel
2001 “Eres patético : el español traducido del cine y de la television”. Duro 2001 . 161–185.Google Scholar
d’Ydewalle, Géry, P. Muylle & Johan van Rensbergen
1985 “Attention shifts in partially redundant information situations”. R. Groner, G.W. McConkie & C. Menz. Eye movements and human information processing. Amsterdam: Elsevier 1985 375–384.Google Scholar
d’Ydewalle, Géry&Johan van Rensbergen
1989 “Development studies of text-picture interactions in the perception of animated cartoons with text”. H. Mandl&J.R. Levin, eds. Knowledge acquisition from text and pictures. Amsterdam: Elsevier 1989 233–248.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
EBU Review
38:6. November 1987, 8–31. (Contributions to the Stockholm conference, June 14–16, 1987).
Elefante, Chiara
2004 “ Arg. et pop., ces abréviations qui donnent les jetons aux traducteurs-dialoguistes”. Meta49:1. 193–207.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
El-Sakran, Tharwat M.
1997 “Subtitling vs dubbing. A case study of Egyptian TV program¬mes”. Translatio, FIT Newsletter/Nouvelles de la FIT 16:1–2. 95–104.Google Scholar
2000 “Translation and decency on TV screens”. Translatio: FIT Newsletter/Nouvelles de la FIT 19:1–2. 5–19.Google Scholar
Espasa, Eva
2002 “Traducir documentales : paisajes híbridos”. Sanderson 2002 . 29–39.Google Scholar
2004 “Myths about documentary translation”. Orero 2004 . 183–198.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Fawcett, Peter
1996 “Translating films”. Geoffroy T. Harris, eds. On translating French literature and film. Amsterdam: Rodopi 1996 65–88.Google Scholar
2003 “The manipulation of language and culture in film translation”. Maria Calzada Pérez, ed. Apropos of ideology: Translation Studies, ideology, ideologies in Translation Studies. Manchester: St Jerome 2003 145–163.Google Scholar
Fodor, Istvàn
1976Film dubbing: Phonetic, semiotic, esthetic and psychological aspects. Hamburg: Helmut Buske.Google Scholar
Franco, Eliana
2000 “Documentary film translation: A specific practice?Andrew Chesterman, Natividad Gallardo&Yves Gambier, eds. Translation in context. Amsterdam&Philadelphia : John Benjamins 2000 233–242.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2001a “Voice-over TV documentaries: Terminological and conceptual issues for their research”. Target 13:2. 289–304.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2001b “Inevitable exoticism: The translation of culture-specific items in documentaries”. Chaume&Agost 2001 . 177–181.Google Scholar
Franco, Eliana Verá Santiago
2003 “Reading TV: Checking deaf people’s reactions to closed subtitling in Fortaleza, Brazil”. The translator 9:2. 249–267.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Fuentes Luque, Adrián
2000La recepción del humor audiovisual traducido : estudio comparativo de fragmentos de las versiones doblada y subtitulada al español de la película “Duck soup”, de los Hermanos Marx. Universidad de Granada. [Ph.D.]Google Scholar
[ p. 286 ]
2003 “An empirical approach to the reception of audiovisual translated humour: A case study of the Marx Brothers’s Duck Soup ”. The translator 9:2. 293–306.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gambier, Yves
1994 “Audiovisual communication: Typological detour”. Cay Dollerup&Annette Lindegaard, eds. Teaching translation and interpretation: Insights, aims, visions. Amsterdam&Philadelphia : John Benjamins 1994 275–283.Google Scholar
éd. 1995Communication audiovisuelle et transferts linguistiques: AV com-munication and language transfers. [= Translatio, FIT Newsletter/Nouvelles de la FIT 14:3–4. 197–499.]Google Scholar
éd. 1996Les transferts linguistiques dans les médias audiovisuels. PU du Septentrion, Villeneuve d’Ascq.Google Scholar
Gambier, Yves,
éd. 1997Language transfer and audiovisual communication: A bibliography. Centre for Translation and Interpreting, University of Turku.Google Scholar
Gambier, Yves
éd. 1998Translating for the media. University of Turku.Google Scholar
1999 “Qualité dans le sous-titrage: paramètres et implications”. Traduction, transition, translation: Proceedings of the XVth World FIT Congress, Mons, vol.1, 151–157.Google Scholar
Gambier, Yves.
éd. 2003Screen Translation, Special issue of The translator 9:2 2003 171–388.Google Scholar
éd. 2004Traduction audiovisuelle: Audiovisual translation. Special issue of Meta 49:1. Avril 2004. 220 pp.Google Scholar
Gambier, Yves
2004 “Tradaptation cinématographique”. Orero 2004 . 169–182.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gambier, Yves&Henrik Gottlieb
eds. 2001(Multi)media translation: Concepts, practices and research. Amsterdam&Philadelphia : John Benjamins.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Goris, Olivier
1993 “The question of French dubbing: Towards a frame for systematic investigation”. Target 5:2. 169–190.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gottlieb, Henrik
1991Tekstning—synchron billedmedieoversaettelse. Center for Translation Studies and lexicography, University of Copenhagen.Google Scholar
1992 “Subtitling, a new University discipline”. Teaching translation and interpreting, eds. Cay Dollerup&Anne Loddegaard. Amsterdam&Philadelphia : John Benjamins 1992 161–170.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1994 “Subtitling: Diagonal translation”. Perspectives 2:1. 101–121.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1997 “Quality revisited: The renderings of English idioms in Danish TV subtitles vs printed translations”. Trosborg 1997 . 309–338.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2001 “Anglicisms and TV subtitles in an Anglified world”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 249–258.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2004 “Language political implications of subtitling”. Orero 2004 . 83–100.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Grigaravičiūté Ieva&Henrik Gottlieb
1999 “Danish voices, Lithuanian voice-over: The mechanics of non-synchronous translation”. Perspectives 7:1. 41–80.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Groom, A.
1981 “First international symposium on TV for the hearing impaired”. The British deaf news 13:6. 439–452.Google Scholar
Guardini, Paola
1998 “Decision-making in subtitling”. Perspectives 6:1. 91–112.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
[ p. 287 ]
2000: “La traduzione simultanea del film: produzione e percezione”. Taylor 2000 . 117–126.Google Scholar
Gummerus, Eivor
1996 “Sous-titrage bilingue à la TV. Expérience d’une langue minoritaire. Le suédois en Finlande”. Gambier 1996 . 165–172.Google Scholar
Gummerus, Eivor&Catrine Paro
2001 “Translation quality: An organizational viewpoint”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 133–142.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gutiérrez Lanza, Camino
1999Traducción y censura de textos cinematográficos en la España de Franco: doblaje y subtitulado ingles-español (1951–1975). Universidad de León. [Ph D.]Google Scholar
Hatim, Basil&Ian Mason
1997 “Politeness in screen translation”. Basil Hatim&Ian Mason, eds. The translator as communicator. London : Routledge 1997 78–96.Google Scholar
Hay, Josiane
1998: “Subtitling and surtitling”. Gambier 1998 . 131–137.Google Scholar
Heikkinen, Heidi
2001 “Bottom-up and top-down processing as independent and interactive strategies in dubbing”. Pirjo Kukkonen&Ritva Hartama-Heinonen, eds. Mission, vision, strategies and values: A celebration of translator training and Translation Studies in Kouvola. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press 2001 77–84.Google Scholar
Heiss, Christine
2000 “La traduzione filmica come pratica didattica”. Bollettieri Bosinelli et al. 2000 . 183–196.Google Scholar
2004 “Dubbing multilingual films: A new challenge?”. Meta 49:1. 208–220.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Heiss, Chrisitne&Rosa Maria Bollettieri Bosinelli
eds. 1996Traduzione multimediale per il cinema, la televisione e la scena: Multimedia translation for film, television and the stage. Bologna: CLUEB.Google Scholar
Herbst, Thomas
1994Linguistische Aspekte der Synchronisation von Fernsehserien: Phonetik, Textlinguistik, Übersetzungstheorie. Tübingen: Niemeyer.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1997 “Dubbing and the dubbed text: Style and cohesion”. Trosborg 1997 . 291–308.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Il Traduttore Nuovo
42:1 1994Translation for the cinema and the theatre.Google Scholar
Ivarsson, Jan
1992Subtitling for the media: A handbook of an art. Stockholm: Transedit.Google Scholar
Ivarsson, Jan&Mary Carroll
1998Subtitling. Simrishamn: Transedit.Google Scholar
Izard, Natàlia
1992La traducció cinematográfica. Barcelona : Centro d’investigació de la communicació, Generalitat de Catalunya.Google Scholar
Jääskeläinen, Riitta
2003 “Who said what?: A pilot study of the hosts’ interpreting performance on Finnish breakfast television”. The translator 9:2. 307–323.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Jäckel, Anne
1995 “Politiques linguistiques et coproductions cinématographiques en Europe: Vers une nouvelle gestion du plurilinguisme européen?” Gambier 1995 . 462–477.Google Scholar
2001 “Shooting in English? Myth or necessity?” and “The subtitling of La haine”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 73–89 and 223–235. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Jakobson, Roman
1959 “On linguistic aspects of translation”. Reuben A. Brower, ed. On translation. Oxford: Oxford University 1959 291–308. rep: Lawrence Venuti, ed. The Translation Studies reader. London&New York: Routledge 2000 113–118.Google Scholar
Karamitroglou, Fotios
2000Towards a methodology for the investigation of norms in audio¬visual translation. Amsterdam&Atlanta: Rodopi.Google Scholar
2001a “The choice to subtitle children’s TV programmes in Greece. Conforming to superior norms”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 189–198. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2001b “The choice between subtitling and revoicing in Greece”. Target 13:2. 305–315.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
[ p. 288 ]
Katan, David.&Francesco Straniero-Sergio
2001 “Look who’s talking: The ethics of entertainment and talkshow interpreting”. The translator 7:2. 213–237.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kilborn, Richard
1993 “ ‘Speak my language’. Current attitudes to TV subtitling and dubbing”. Media, culture and society 15:4. 641–660.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Klerkx, Jan
1998 “The place of subtitling in a translator training course”. Gambier 1998 . 259–264.Google Scholar
Kovačič, Irena
1997 “A thinking-aloud experiment in subtitling”. Mary Snell-Hornby, Zuzana Jettmarová&Klaus Kaindl, eds. Translation as cultural communication. Amsterdam&Philadelphia : John Benjamins 1997 229–238.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2000 “Thinking aloud protocol. Interview. Text analysis”. Sonja Tirkkonen-Condit&Riitta Jääskeläinen, eds. Tapping and mapping the processes of translation and interpreting. Amsterdam&Philadelphia : John Benjamins 2000 98–109.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kruger, Helena
2001 “The creation of interlingual subtitles: Semiotics, equivalence and condensation”. Perspectives 9:3. 177–196.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kurz, Ingrid&Brigitta Mikulasek
2004 “Television as a source of information for the deaf and hearing impaired: Captions and sign language on Austrian TV”. Meta 49:1. 81–88.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Laks, Simon
1957Le sous-titrage des films. Sa technique, son esthétique. Manuscrit non publié, Paris.Google Scholar
Lambert, José
1989 “La traduction, les langues et la communication de masse: les ambiguités du discours international”. Target 1:2. 215–237.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1990 “Le sous-titrage et la question des traductions: Rapport sur une enquête”. Rainer Arntz&Gisela Thome, eds. Übersetzungswissenschaft: Ergebnisse und Perspektiven. Tübingen : Gunter Narr 1990 228–238.Google Scholar
Lambert, José&Dirk Delabastita
1996 “La traduction des textes audiovisuels: modes et enjeux culturels”. Gambier 1996 . 33–58.Google Scholar
Lefevere, André
1992Translation, rewriting and the manipulation of literary fame. London&New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Licari, Anita
éd. 1994Eric Rohmer, in lingua italiana. Bologna: CLUEB.Google Scholar
Li, Jian
1998 “Intonation unit as unit of translation film dialogue: FIT to keep”. Gambier 1998 . 151–184.Google Scholar
de Linde, Zoé&Neil Kay
1999The semiotics of subtitling. Manchester : St Jerome.Google Scholar
Lomheim, Sylfest
1999 “The writing on the screen. Subtitling: A case study from Norwegian Broadcasting (NRK), Oslo”. Gunilla Anderman&Margaret Rogers, eds. Words, text, translation: Liber amicorum for P. Newmark. Clevedon : Multilingual Matters 1999 190–207.Google Scholar
Lorenzo, Lourdes&Ana M. Pereira
eds. 2000Traducción subordinada: (inglés-espaol/ga¬lego) vol. I: El doblaje. Vigo: Publicacións da Universidade de Vigo.Google Scholar
eds. 2001 Vol.II: El subtitulado. Vigo: Publicacións da Universidade de Vigo.Google Scholar
Lorenzo, Lourdes Ana M. Pereira&María Xoubanova
2003 “The Simpsons/Los Simpson. Analysis of an audiovisual translation”. The translator 9:2. 269–291.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Low, Peter
2002 “Surtitles for opera”. Babel 48:2. 97–110.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Luyken, Georg-Michael
et al. 1991Overcoming language barriers in television: Dubbing and subtitling for the European audience. Manchester: European Institute for the Media.Google Scholar
[ p. 289 ]
Machado, Jorge
1993La traduction au cinéma et le processus de sous-titrage de films. École supérieure d’ interprètes et de traducteurs (ESIT), Université Paris III. [Ph.D.]Google Scholar
Mack, Gabriele
2000 “Quale interpretazione per la televisione italiana?”. Bollettieri Bosinelli et al. 2000 . 111–132.Google Scholar
2001 “Conference interpreters on the air: Live simultaneous interpreting on Italian television”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 125–132.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Mailhac, Jean-Pierre
1998 “Optimizing the linguistic transfer in the case of commercial videos”. Gambier 1998 . 207–223.Google Scholar
2000 “Subtitling and dubbing: For better or worse”. Myriam Salama-Carr, ed. On translating French literature and filmII. Amsterdam&Atlanta: Rodopi 2000 129–154.Google Scholar
2001 “Translating commercial video material”. Oralité et traduction, ed. Michel Ballard. Arras: Artois UP 2001 401–423.Google Scholar
Marleau, Lucien
1982 “Les sous-titres...un mal nécessaire”. Meta 27:3. 271–285.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Mason, Ian
1989 “Speaker meaning and reader meaning: Reserving coherence in screen translation”. Rainer Kölmel&Jerry Payne, eds. Babel: The cultural and linguistic barriers between nations. Aberdeen: Aberdeen PU 1989 13–24.Google Scholar
2001 “Coherence in subtitling: The negotiation of face”. Chaume&Agost 2001 . 19–31.Google Scholar
Mateo, Marta
2002a “Los sobretítulos de ópera: dimensión técnica, textual, social e ideológica”. Sanderson 2002 . 51–73.Google Scholar
2002b “Performing musical texts in a target language: The case of Spain”. Across languages and cultures 2:1. 31–50.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Mayoral, Roberto Dorothy Kelly&Natividad Gallardo
1988 “Concept of constrained translation: Non-linguistic perspective of translation”. Meta 33:3. 356–367.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Mayoral, Roberto&Antonio Tejada
eds. 1997Actas del simposium de localización multimedia. Universidad de Granada. Electronic publication.Google Scholar
Meta
49:2. April 2004 ed. Yves Gambier Special issue Traduction audiovisuelle/Audiovisual translation
Meylaerts, Reine
2001 “The position of foreign languages in the Flemish media”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 91–100.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Monacelli, Claudia
2000 “A nod’s as good as a wink to a blind horse. An analysis of the processes of documentary film interpreting”. Bollettieri Bosinelli et al. 2000 . 133–152.Google Scholar
Montén, R.
1975Normalhörandes, hörselskadades och dövas krav på exponeringstid av tv-text. Stockholm: Sveriges Radio.Google Scholar
Moreau, Hubert
1995 “L’interprétation simultanée sur une chaîne bilingue: le cas d’Arte”. Gambier 1995. 359–362 + Gambier 1998 . 225–229.Google Scholar
National Captioning Institute (NCI)
1991An international bibliography of captioning and subtitling literature.Google Scholar
Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (NOS)
1977De behoefte van doven en slechthorenden aan ondertiteling van Nederlandstalige televisieprogramma’s, Hilversum: NOS-Afdeling Kijk- en Luisteronderzoek R77–194.Google Scholar
Neves, Josiane
2004 “Subtitling: An opportunity for language learning and teaching”. Orero 2004 . 127–140. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
[ p. 290 ]
Nordisk TV-tekstning
1989Rapport fra en konferanze på Schaeffergården ved Kobenhavn, 25–7.11.1988. Nordisk Språksekretariat, Oslo.Google Scholar
O’Connell, Eithne
2003Minority language dubbing for children: Screen translation from German to Irish. Bern: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Oittinen, Riitta
2000Translating for children. New York : Garland.Google Scholar
2004Kuvakirja kääntäjän kädessä.Google Scholar
Orero, Pilar
ed. 2004Topics in audiovisual translation. Amsterdam&Philadalphia : John Benjamins.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Paquin, Robert
2000 “Le doublage au Canada: politiques de la langue et langue des politiques”. Meta 45:1. 127–133.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Patou-Patucchi, Sergio
ed. 1999L’italiano del doppiaggio. Beato Angelico, Campagnano.Google Scholar
Pelsmaekers, Katja&Fred Van Besien
2002 “Subtitling irony: Blackadder in Dutch”. The translator 8:2. 241–266.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Perego, Elisa
2003 “Evidence of explicitation in subtitling: Towards a categorisation”. Across languages and cultures 4:1. 63–89.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Pisek, Gerhard
1994Die grosse Illusion: Probleme und Möglichkeiten der Filmsynchronisation. Dargestellt an Woody Allens “Annie Hall”, “Manhattan” und “Hannah and her sisters”. Trier: Wissenschaftlicher Verlag.Google Scholar
Pommier, Christophe
1988Doublage et postsynchronisation. Paris: Éd. Dujarric.Google Scholar
Rabadán, Rosa
ed. 2000Traducción y censura inglés-español: 1939–1985. Estudio preliminar. León: Universidad de León.Google Scholar
Reid, Helen
1978 “Subtitling, the intelligent solution”. P.A. Horguelin, ed. La traduction, une profession/translating, a profession. Proceedings of the VIII World FIT Congress. Ottawa: CTIC 1978 421–428.Google Scholar
Reiss, Katharina
1971 (réédité en 1978 et 1984). Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Übersetzungskritik: Kategorien und Kriterien für eine sachgerechte Beurteilung von Übersetzungen. München: Hueber. [En anglais, 2000 et en français, 2002.]Google Scholar
Reiss, Katharina&Hans J. Vermeer
1984Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Translationstheorie. Tübingen : Niemeyer.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Remael, Aline
2000A polysystem approach to British New Wave film adaptation, screenwriting and dialogue. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven. [Ph.D.]Google Scholar
2001 “Some thoughts on the study of multimodal and multimedia translation”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 13–22.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2003 “Mainstream narrative film dialogue and subtitling. A case study: Mike Leigh’s Secrets and Lies (1996)”. The translator 9:2. 225–247.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2004 “A place for film dialogue analysis in subtitling courses”. Orero 2004 . 103–126.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Rila: Rassegna italiana di linguistica applicata
34:1–2 2002Cinema: Paradiso delle lingue. A cura di Annamaria Caimi. 436 pp.Google Scholar
Rodríguez Espinosa, Marcos
2001 “Subtitulado y doblaje come procesos de domesticación cultural”. Duro 2001 . 103–117.Google Scholar
Salmon Kovarski, Laura
2000 “Tradurre l’etnoletto: come doppiare in italiano l’accento ebraico”. Bollettieri Bosinelli et al. 2000 . 67–84.Google Scholar
Sanderson, John D.
ed. 2001Doble o nada!: Actas de las I y II Jornadas de doblaje y subtitulación. Alicante: Universidad de Alicante.Google Scholar
[ p. 291 ]
ed. 2002Traductores para todo: Actas de las III Jornadas de doblaje y subtitulación. Alicante: Universidad de Alicante.Google Scholar
Santamaria Guinot, Laura
2001Subtitulació I referents culturals. La traducció com a mitjà d’adquisició de representations socials. Universitat autònoma de Barcelona.Google Scholar
Sario Marjatta&Susanna Oksane
1996 “Le surtitrage des opéras à l’Opéra national de Finlande”. Gambier 1996 . 185–196.Google Scholar
Simonetto, R.
2000 “Esperimenti di interpretazione simultanea di film”. Taylor 2000 . 157–187.Google Scholar
Smith, Stephen
1998 “The language of subtitling”. Gambier 1998 . 139–149. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Soon-Mi, Peten Frédéric Sojcher&Yvon Thiec
éds. 2001Cinéma, audiovisuel, nouveaux médias. La convergence: un enjeu européen? Paris: L’Harmattan.Google Scholar
Soukup, Paul amp; Bob Hodgson
eds. 1999Fidelity and translation: Communicating the Bible in new media. New York: Sheed and Ward (Franklin)&American Bible Society.Google Scholar
Strolz, Birgit
1997 “Quality of media interpreting”. Yves Gambier, Daniel Gile&Christopher Taylor, eds. Conference interpreting: Current trends in research. Amsterdam&Philadelphia: John Benjamins 1997 194–197.Google Scholar
Taylor, Christopher
ed. 2000Tradurre il cinema. Conference Proceedings, Trieste 29–30.11.1996. Trieste: Dipartimento di scienze del linguaggio dell’interpretazione e della traduzione, Università degli studi di Trieste.Google Scholar
Titford, Christopher
1982 “Subtitling: Constrained translation”. Lebende Sprachen 27:3. 113–116.Google Scholar
The translator
9:2. Nov.2003 (Guest editor Yves Gambier): Screen translation.
Tomaszkiewicz, Teresa
1993Les opérations linguistiques qui sous-tendent le processus de sous-titrage des films. Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University.Google Scholar
Trosborg, Anna
ed. 1997Text typology and translation. Amsterdam&Philadelphia: John Benjamins.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Tveit, Jan Emil
2004Translating for TV: A handbook in screen translation. Oslo: Kolofon AS.Google Scholar
Vallisaari, Leena
1996 “Subtitling and surtitling opera”. New horizons/Horizons nouveaux, Proceedings of the XIVth World FIT Congress vol. 2. Melbourne: AUSIT. 1996 953–956.Google Scholar
Vandaele, Jeroen
2002 “Funny fictions: Francoist translation censorship of two Billy Wilder films”. The translator 8:2. 267–302.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Van de Poel, Marijke&Géry d’Ydewalle
2001 “Incidental foreign language acquisition by children watching subtitled TV programmes”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 259–273. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Vanderplank, Robert
1988 “The value of teletext subtitles in language learning”. English language teaching journal 42:4. 272–281.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1990 “Paying attention to the words: Practical and theoretical problems in watching TV programmes with uni-lingual (CEEFAX) sub-titles”. System 18. 221–234.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1994 “Resolving inherent conflicts: Autonomous language learning from popular broadcast television”. H. Jung&Robert Vanderplank, eds. Barriers and bridges: Media technology in language learning. Bern: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
[ p. 292 ]
Vanderschelden, Isabelle
2001 “Le sous-titrage des classes sociales dans La vie est un long fleuve tranquille ”. Michel Ballard, éd. Oralité et traduction. Arras: Artois UP 2001 361–379.Google Scholar
Vertanen, Esko
2001 “Ruututeksti tiedon ja tunteiden tulkkina”. Riitta Oittinen&Pirjo Mäkinen, eds. Alussa oli käännös Tampere: Tampereen Yliopisto 2001 131–153.Google Scholar
Virkkunen, Riitta
2001Tekstitys oopperassa. Tampere: Tampere UP.Google Scholar
2004 “The source text of Opera surtitles”. Meta 49:1. 89–97.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
When, Karin
1998 “Re-dubbing of US American TV series for the German TV: The case if Magnum, P.I. ”. Gambier 1998 . 185–199.Google Scholar
2001 “About remakes, dubbing and morphing”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 65–72.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Whitman-Linsen, Candace
1992Through the dubbing glass: The synchronization of American motion pictures into German, French and Spanish. Bern: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Zabalbeascoa, Patrick, Natàlia Izard&Laura Santamaria
2001 “Disentangling audiovisual translation into Catalan from the Spanish media mesh”. Gambier&Gottlieb 2001 . 101–111.   DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Zaro Vera, Juan-Jesús
2001 “Conceptos traductólogicos para el análisis del doblaje y la subtitulación”. Duro 2001 . 47–63.Google Scholar
Zitawi, Jehan
2003 “English-Arabic dubbed children’s cartoons: Strategies for translating idioms”. Across languages and cultures 4:2. 237–251.[ p. 293 ]DOI logoGoogle Scholar