Tõlkimise metafoorid

James St. André
University of Manchester
tõlkinud Lohe Isok
Sisukord

Arvestades, et termini „tõlkima“ algne tähendus erinevates Euroopa keeltes on juba iseenesest metafoor (tavaliselt tähenduses „üle kandma“ või „üle tooma“), ei tohiks olla üllatav, et erinevates kultuurides on erinevatel ajaperioodidel tõlkeprotsessi kirjeldamiseks kasutatud metafoorilist keelt. Guldin (2010) väidab, et mõisted „tõlge“ ja „metafoor“ on suuresti homoloogilised: neid võib käsitleda nii teineteise tõlgetena kui ka teineteise metafooridena. Tõlkimise kirjeldamiseks kasutatavate metafooriliste väljendite paljusus hämmastab oma mitmekesisuse poolest: kasutatakse vaimukaid väljendeid, nagu prantsuskeelne les belles infidèles (’kaunid truudusetud’) ja itaaliakeelne traduttori, traditore (’tõlkija kui reetur’), lihtsaid ja laialt levinud metafoore, nagu tõlkija kui kultuure ühendav sild või tõlkimine kui vana veini valamine uude pudelisse, positiivseid metafoore, nagu tõlkimine kui tõese tunnistuse andmine või tõlkimine kui alkeemia, negatiivseid metafoore, nagu tõlkija kui autori ori või kopeerija, passiivseid metafoore, nagu tõlkija kui peegel või kanal, aktiivseid metafoore, nagu tõlkija kui maestro või meisterkokk, aga ka veidramaid metafoore, nagu tõlkija kui kimalane või pime mees kirjeldamas elevanti.

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Viited

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