‘윤리’라는 단어의 뜻을 사전에서 찾아 보면 인간 행위의 ‘옳고 그름’을 판단할 근거가 되는 가치체계라고 설명되어 있다. 그렇다면 번역윤리라는 것은 하나의 텍스트를 다른 언어로 옮기는 작업을 할 때 어떤 방식이 도덕적으로 옳은 지의 문제를 다룰 수밖에 없다. 번역에 대한 인식 속에는 늘 번역사의 윤리적 의무 개념이 일정 정도 담겨 있으나, 번역 담론의 역사에는 ‘윤리’라는 단어가 빠져 있다. 이것은 번역사가 어느 정도의 윤리적 태도를 갖추는 것이 그 자체로 당연한 것으로 간주되기 때문이다. 번역이 원문을 최대한 유사하게 재현해 내는 업무로 인식되어 온 만큼, 번역에서 윤리적 행위는 원문에 충실한 것, 원저자에 충실한 것으로 간주되었다.

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