Historically, the distinct activities of translation and interpreting underwent a fundamentally different development, interpreting being more deeply rooted in history and presumably practised before the invention of writing. Phenomenologically, however, the two activities and their pertinent research domains share an enduring common basis, which is reflected mainly in such research areas as: the sociology of translation and interpreting; cultural issues pertaining to translating and interpreting; perspectives of identity or (in)visibility; didactics and methodology (descriptive or explanatory), amongst many others. Given that these shared grounds were ultimately nourished by common interests in research and research policy, interdisciplinarity has long been the key word with regard to translation and interpreting research, despite critical voices which claim that interdisciplinary work has not thus far led to a general advancement in epistemological and methodological reflection (see e.g. Gambier 2004).
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