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In:Arabic in Contact
Edited by Stefano Manfredi and Mauro Tosco
[Studies in Arabic Linguistics 6] 2018

Index

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Available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at [email protected].

A

  • ‘Afar 111–115 , 118–122 , 126–132
  • Adaptation (phonological)163, 171–187 , 357, 362–363
  • Additive (particle) 239–240 , 243, 246–247
  • Adjective25, 28, 31–32 , 40, 99, 107, 130, 146, 255–256 , 259–260 , 299, 326
  • Affix 92–95 , 139, 145, 146, 149, 151, 155–156 , 197–198 , 211
  • Agreement (grammatical)21, 23, 80, 91, 99, 126–127 , 247, 255, 306, 354
  • Algeria57, 59, 61, 63–65 , 135, 350
  • Algerian Arabic59, 139, 297
  • Amharic2, 37, 115, 129
  • Andalusi Arabic57, 61, 67, 143
  • Arabisation64, 74, 90, 173, 353–354 , 365
  • Aramaic 213–217 , 222, 224–225 , 228
  • Argument structure238, 241, 303
  • Assimilation (phonetic)80, 155, 161, 176, 181–182
  • Attitudes (language)7, 12, 344, 349–366
  • Auxiliary (verb)22, 49, 123–124 , 239
  • Awjila (Berber) 55–56 , 59–60

B

  • Baggara Arabic8, 190
  • Basic variety10, 233–248
  • Bedouin dialects136, 138, 354
  • Beirut Arabic21, 24–25 , 28–31 , 34, 244–245
  • Beja8, 350
  • Berber (languages)5, 7, 12, 53–67 , 135–156 , 351–354
  • Bilingual suppletion6, 25–26 , 34–35
  • Bilingualism2, 6, 9, 11, 22, 35, 51, 74, 90–91 , 163, 172, 185–186 , 200, 215, 313–314 , 318–319 , 324, 352–353 , 365
  • Borrowing 2–5 , 8, 12, 23, 25–26 , 29, 32, 63, 74, 105–106 , 111, 128–130 , 135–140 , 146, 148–156 , 161–163 , 165–166 , 171–172 , 174, 177, 189–190 , 193, 195, 200–202 , 216–217 , 220, 228, 266, 288, 301, 321–323 , 326, 328–329 , 331–343 , 354, 360–363 , 365

C

  • Cairene Arabic211, 213, 216, 244, 254
  • Calque46, 59, 64, 164–165 , 201–202 , 219
  • Calquing 53–54 , 64–65 , 67, 219
  • Causative6, 38, 46, 50
  • Chad223
  • Change (contact-induced) 2–5 , 8–13 , 22, 37–38 , 41–43 , 47, 50–51 , 99, 163, 207–208 , 227, 321, 326, 329, 349–351 , 355, 357–359 , 361–366
  • Chaoui (Berber)57, 63
  • Classical Arabic2, 38–39 , 42–43 , 48, 54, 58, 60–61 , 136, 139, 141, 152–153 , 156, 168, 178, 191, 198–199 , 210–211 , 223–224 , 245, 319
  • Classical Arabic (language ideology)350, 354
  • Clitic30, 42, 47, 49, 61, 67, 123–124 , 302
  • Codemixing359, 363–365
  • Codeswitching2, 10–13 , 111, 125, 130–132 , 185, 221, 295–309 , 313–329 , 331–32 , 341, 344
  • Cognate31, 146–148
  • Colexification 66–67
  • Comparative (construction)22, 24–25 , 34, 40–41
  • Compounding41
  • Conditional (mood)30, 34, 64
  • Contact (language) 1–5 , 7, 10–13 , 38, 50, 90, 99, 118, 162, 190, 223–224 , 228, 233, 303, 313–314 , 324, 333, 343–344
  • Contact (dialect)2, 228
  • Contrast (adverb of)10, 233, 236, 239–241 , 247
  • Convergence11, 34, 136, 140, 183, 186, 228, 292, 318
  • Copula6, 25, 38, 47–51 , 123, 125–126 , 132, 261, 263, 268, 270
  • Creole Arabic207, 222–224 , 229, 288
  • Creolization2, 223, 277
  • Cushitic (languages)8, 37, 112, 115, 118, 130
  • Cypriot Maronite Arabic58

D

  • Dahlak Arabic112, 118, 120–122 , 124, 126–128 , 130–131
  • Dahalik7, 111–122 , 125–132
  • Damascus Arabic21, 24–25 , 28–30 , 34, 45, 58
  • Definite (article) 42–45 , 105, 137, 155, 182, 186, 196, 221, 254–255 , 268, 289, 298–300 , 301–304 , 306–309 , 326, 336
  • Deglutination 182–183
  • Demonstrative (pronouns and determiners)22, 97–98 , 257, 308–309
  • Derivational (morphology)21, 27–28 , 41, 156, 163
  • Diffusion (language) 9–10 , 23, 207–209 , 212, 215, 217, 219, 222, 224–229 , 352
  • Diglossia39, 313, 318, 324
  • Dissimilation178, 181, 185
  • Djibouti112, 120
  • Dom (ethnonym)5, 19–21 , 23, 34
  • Domari5, 19–35
  • Donor language5, 7–8 , 129–130 , 163, 165, 169, 173, 179
  • Dutch235, 238, 297, 301–302

E

  • Egypt116, 118, 129, 161–162 , 165, 217–219 , 278–281 , 350–351
  • Egyptian Arabic 7–8 , 61, 161–170 , 208, 217, 219, 229, 245, 251–252 , 258–259 , 278, 281, 351, 354–357 , 361, 363–366
  • Embedded language296, 302, 314, 329
  • Emirati Arabic208, 322
  • Emphatic (consonants)119, 137, 154, 178, 179, 323
  • English7, 9–10 , 40, 44–45 , 115, 117, 129–130 , 162–164 , 166–167 , 169, 171, 173, 189, 192, 201, 207, 215, 233–236 , 240–241 , 244–247 , 265–268 , 305–306 , 323, 334, 339–340 , 355–356 , 364
  • Enunciative framework101
  • Eritrea6, 11–112 , 115, 117–118
  • Ethiopia2, 112
  • Ethiosemitic7, 112, 118, 129
  • Existential 44–45 , 58, 132

F

  • Finite verb 221–222 , 239–240 , 258
  • First language3, 114, 120, 192, 270, 276, 296, 319, 355
  • Folk linguistics 349–350
  • Foreigner-talk10, 237, 244, 251–271
  • French 10–11 , 74, 137, 162, 169, 171–172 , 233, 235–236 , 238, 240–242 , 245–247 , 295–309
  • Future (tense)48, 91, 97–98 , 123, 242

G

  • Gao (Songhay)165
  • Gastarbeiterdeutsch234
  • Gemination (consonant)107, 177, 269
  • Gender (grammatical)21, 40, 49, 91, 99, 125–126 , 174, 183, 186, 197, 221, 255, 257–259 , 304–306 , 308–309
  • Gender (roles of)331, 335, 343, 353
  • Genitive 31–32 , 59, 124
  • Geniza letters57
  • German10, 215, 233, 235–236 , 240–241 , 245, 247
  • Ghadames (Berber) 55–56 , 60
  • Ghomara (Berber)353
  • Grammaticalisation (contact-induced)6, 53–67
  • Gulf Arabic244, 270, 313
  • Gulf Pidgin Arabic10, 233, 242, 246, 247–248 , 251–271

H

  • Habitual (aspect)29, 94, 238
  • Ḥassāniyya Arabic7, 136–156
  • Hebrew (Modern Israeli)12, 37, 153, 331–343
  • Hiri Motu233
  • Humour341, 343
  • Hurmuzgān11, 314–315 , 318

I

  • Ideophone 128–129
  • Imperative (mood)26, 165, 169, 184, 237, 242, 258–259 , 332
  • Imperfective (aspect) 27–29 , 32, 137, 166, 168, 240, 258–259
  • Inflectional (morphology)24, 40, 163, 241, 309, 328
  • Indefinite (adverb) 60–61 , 67
  • Indefinite (article) 42–45 , 66, 92, 300, 303–308
  • Indefinite (quantifier)6, 57–61 , 67, 300, 303
  • Indefinite (pronouns)54, 56–57 , 59–60 , 61, 66, 67
  • Indo-Aryan (languages)5, 19, 21
  • Innovation8, 21, 60, 94, 96, 100, 215, 220, 224, 357–358 , 360, 364
  • Integration (of loanwords) 7–8 , 11, 23, 27–28 , 35, 129, 162–170 , 182–184 , 193–196 , 201, 359–364
  • Interdental (consonants)120, 138, 182, 323
  • Interference 2–3 , 5, 9, 57, 278, 354, 146, 155, 183, 186, 247, 278, 354
  • Intermarriage 352–4
  • Interrogative (pronouns and markers)31, 60–62 , 64, 67, 128, 328, 363
  • Iran11, 313–329
  • Iraq48, 317
  • Iraqi Arabic38, 58, 305–306
  • Islam2, 115–116 , 282
  • Israel174, 333, 342
  • Italian8, 115, 129, 171–186 , 235
  • Iterative (aspect)29, 123, 238–240

J

  • Jargon 234–237 , 269
  • Jbala Arabic73, 77, 92, 97
  • Jespersen’s cycle67
  • Jordan19, 21, 32–34
  • Jordanian Arabic252, 265, 305
  • Juba Arabic10, 222, 242, 275–292
  • Judeo-Arabic (of Libya)174

K

  • Kabyle (Berber)59, 62–63
  • Kanuri217, 219, 225, 227–228
  • Kenya10, 222, 275–276 , 279, 281–283 , 285–287 , 290
  • King’s African Rifles281, 287
  • Ki-Nubi207, 222–225 , 275–292
  • Koalib–8, 189–202
  • Korandjé (Songhay)54, 64–67
  • Kordofanian (languages)8, 189
  • Kurdish6, 20, 21, 23–24 , 29–30 , 32, 34, 37–39 , 42–43 , 45–46 , 49–50 , 138, 222
  • Kuwait252
  • Kuwaiti Arabic251, 253–260 , 262, 269–270

L

  • Language ideology12, 331–332 , 344–345 , 350
  • Lebanon5, 19, 21, 34, 58, 241, 248
  • Lebanese Arabic42, 242, 251, 256, 258–259 , 263, 266, 270
  • Levantine Arabic24, 31, 58, 61
  • Libya8, 56–57 , 59–61 , 63–64 , 171, 173
  • Libyan Arabic8, 61, 172–185
  • Light verb6, 8, 22, 27, 38, 42, 45–46 , 50, 138, 161, 163–164 , 169, 184, 186, 199, 221, 259–260 , 270
  • Lingua franca6, 111–112 , 118, 217, 223, 225, 279
  • Loanword 7–8 , 80, 82, 129, 162–164 , 166, 171–186 , 190, 193–199 , 282, 301, 331–339 , 341–343 , 345, 354, 357–362

M

  • Mali135, 139, 141, 142, 143, 146, 147, 148
  • Maghrebi Arabic57, 67
  • Malta57, 61, 278
  • Maltese4, 9, 58, 161
  • Mardin Arabic39, 58
  • Matrix Language Frame–11, 296, 313–314 , 320, 322, 328
  • Mauritania7, 55, 59, 135–136 , 143
  • Metatypy3, 22, 202
  • Migration 276–277 , 282, 315, 333, 335
  • Minority language4, 79–80 , 200, 226, 349–350
  • Mixed language9, 23, 220–222
  • Modern Standard Arabic2, 11, 117, 175, 313, 318
  • Monolingualism114, 118, 166, 320, 322, 324, 344, 352
  • Morocco6, 57, 61, 64, 66, 73, 90, 98, 100, 106, 107, 135, 350, 353
  • Moroccan Arabic6, 11, 57, 61–62 , 73–74 , 79, 102–103 , 295–309
  • Morpheme 24–25 , 32, 62, 100, 103, 138, 166, 186, 304
  • Morphology5, 8, 40–41 , 91, 94, 163, 172, 174, 182, 186, 197–198 , 207, 212, 220, 223, 238–241 , 251, 319, 362
  • Mother tongue 112–115 , 117–120 , 192, 241, 321, 354
  • Multidialectism11, 313, 318
  • Multilingualism1, 3, 23, 34, 51, 114

N

  • Natural order (principle of)239, 242
  • Negation6, 32–34 , 38, 47–50 , 53–67 , 100–105 , 235, 245–246
  • Niger55, 59, 103, 135
  • Nigeria217, 226
  • Nigerian Arabic 207–208 , 212, 219, 224–225
  • Noun phrase30, 40, 44, 124
  • Nuba Mountains4, 8, 189, 192
  • Nubian201, 350
  • Number (grammatical)11, 40, 43, 49, 57, 91, 99, 122, 126, 196, 255, 257, 259, 304, 306, 308–309
  • Numeral26, 44, 253

O

  • Oman58, 252
  • Omani Arabic 261–262 , 270
  • Oromo2, 216

P

  • Palestine5, 19, 21, 32–34 , 331, 333–334
  • Palestinian Arabic12, 32, 34, 331–332 , 336, 343, 345
  • Palestinian refugee camps 333–334 , 336–337 , 339, 341
  • Passive137, 139, 167–168 , 199
  • Past (tense)29, 44, 47–49 , 240
  • Perfect (aspect)203, 213, 215, 219, 238, 240–241 , 244–245
  • Perfective (aspect)166, 168, 221–222 , 259
  • Persian11, 21, 23, 29, 32, 34, 130, 221, 313–329
  • Persian Gulf 313–316 , 328
  • Personal (pronouns)93, 125, 363
  • Phonology8, 24, 111, 118, 136, 189, 193, 207, 212–213 , 216, 227–228 , 269–270
  • Pidgin Madame10, 233, 241–246 , 248, 251, 254
  • Pidgin Ngarluma247
  • Pidginization2, 223–224 , 234, 237
  • Polar question6, 53, 62–63 , 67
  • Possession93, 98, 126, 131
  • Pragmatics 11–12 , 47, 235–236 , 238–239 , 242, 295, 306, 309, 331–332 , 341–343
  • Pre-pidgin234, 269
  • Preposition22, 28, 41, 59, 125, 183, 186, 290
  • Present (tense) 48–50 , 242
  • Prestige (language)117, 350, 361, 365–366
  • Progressive (aspect)223, 238

Q

  • Qatar252, 319, 321, 329
  • Qatari Arabic322
  • Qəltu dialects38

R

  • Raising (phonological)24, 180–181
  • Red Sea6, 111–112 , 115, 118, 120, 126, 128–129 , 132
  • Reduplication40
  • Reflexive139,148,154,168
  • Relative (clause)29, 47, 51
  • Replication (matter)6, 23, 30
  • Replication (pattern)23, 29, 30–34
  • Restrictive (particle) 239–240 , 243
  • Resultative (adverb)10, 234, 240, 244–245 , 248
  • Rif 74–78 , 80, 90, 105
  • Root (and scheme)7, 40, 46, 54, 80, 130, 135, 137–139 , 144, 146, 148, 151, 153–156 , 161, 163–170 , 184–186 , 190, 196, 199, 205
  • Romance (languages)8, 171, 173, 304
  • Russenorsk235

S

  • Sahara54, 135, 156
  • Saho115, 118
  • Sason Arabic6, 37–51
  • Saudi Arabia 117–118 , 129, 241, 252, 254, 267
  • Saudi Arabic 251–252 , 254–258 , 260–261 , 263–264 , 266–269
  • Scalar (adverb) 239–240 , 246–247
  • Second language acquisition9, 235
  • Semantics8, 29, 136, 139, 151, 163, 189–190 , 207, 229
  • Semitic (languages)37, 49, 111–112 , 118, 130, 163, 184, 191, 215, 228
  • Sinhalese241
  • Siwi (Berber)12, 349–366
  • Soqotri124
  • Somali130
  • Somalia279
  • Source language4, 9–10 , 28, 136, 138, 146, 148, 150–151 , 195, 238, 247, 268
  • South Sudan10, 192, 222, 275–280 , 282–283 , 285–286 , 290–292
  • SOV (word order) 31–32 , 43, 51, 127, 220, 227
  • Spanish74, 238, 306
  • Spirantization 91–92 , 101
  • Stress (phonological)24, 32, 101, 122, 137, 178–180 , 185–186 , 194–195 , 213–215 , 336
  • Substrate2, 9, 57, 74, 136, 222, 229, 278, 354
  • Sudan4, 8, 10, 116–118 , 120, 129, 189, 192, 277–280 , 282–283
  • Sudanese Arabic8, 189–202 , 278, 280, 289
  • Superlative (construction) 24–25 , 40–41
  • Swahili275, 279, 282, 285, 288, 290
  • Syllable24, 27, 32, 95, 97, 137, 149, 168, 176, 180–181 , 182, 185–186 , 195, 208, 213–215 , 217, 224, 228
  • Syntax5, 29–31 , 34, 37, 42, 50, 91, 124, 201, 207, 235, 251, 319
  • Syria5, 19–21 , 24, 28–30 , 33–34 , 58
  • Syrian Arabic215

T

  • Tadaksahak (Songhay)65
  • Tajik42, 220–222
  • Tanzania279, 281–283 , 286
  • Tarifit (Berber)6, 64, 74, 93, 97, 103
  • Tasawaq (Songhay)65
  • Target language146, 156, 236–238 , 242, 245, 247
  • Tashelhiyt (Berber)57
  • Temporal (adverb)10, 233–248
  • Tense, aspect, and mood (TAM) 123–124
  • Tetserrét (Berber) 55–56 , 59, 136
  • Tigre111, 114–115 , 118–119 , 130
  • Tigrinya 129–130
  • Tone (phonological) 194–195 , 199
  • Transmission (language)9, 10, 19, 23, 34, 207–209 , 212, 223–224 , 226, 228–229 , 258
  • Tuareg (Berber)55, 103, 135, 138, 149, 147, 155
  • Tunisia61, 63–64 , 171–172
  • Tunisian Arabic172, 208, 217–218 , 297
  • Turkey 19–21 , 24, 28–30 , 34–35 , 37, 50, 58
  • Turkish6, 20–21 , 23–24 , 29–30 , 32, 34, 37–51 , 138, 172, 178, 197, 238, 297, 328
  • Typology8, 32, 162

U

  • Uganda10, 222, 275–276 , 279, 282–283 , 285–287
  • United Arab Emirates (UAE)11, 263, 268, 313, 316, 319, 329
  • Urdu247, 270, 321
  • Urdu Pidgin Arabic241
  • Uzbek42, 51, 220–222
  • Uzbekistan Arabic9, 42, 207, 211, 215, 220, 222, 225, 227–228

V

  • Variation13, 91, 149, 225–226 , 229, 237, 259, 349–351 , 354–359 , 362, 366
  • Vowel harmony181, 185, 194, 197
  • Vowel length139, 178–179 , 185

W

  • Wolof147, 153, 302
  • Word order43, 47, 49, 50, 51, 58, 124, 127–128 , 220, 225, 227, 229, 290

Y

  • Yemen58, 61, 116, 118, 120, 128–130
  • Yemeni Arabic58, 120, 122, 128–129

Z

  • Zarma (Songhay) 64–66
  • Zenaga (Berber)7, 55–56 , 59–60 , 135–156
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