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The discursive construction of China in US institutional translation (1979–2025)
A corpus-based discourse-historical approach
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Abstract
This study examines how Interpret: China, a translation archive project hosted by the US-based
Center for Strategic and International Studies, shapes what counts as China for policy-facing publics while presenting its work as
enabling “objective understanding.” Drawing on 335 parallel Chinese source texts and English translations spanning 1979 to 2025,
the study argues that ideological meaning is produced less through systematic source–target divergence than through
institutional translation-as-curation. Employing a corpus-based discourse-historical approach within the
framework of critical discourse analysis, the study bridges linguistic and sociohistorical analysis to explore intersections of
discourse, power, and ideology. The methodology integrates quantitative corpus analysis with qualitative discourse analysis,
uncovering patterns across genres, topics, authors, sources, and tags. Findings show that the archive repeatedly renders China
legible through geopolitical–security competition and economic development frames, with episodic spikes around Taiwan and military
tensions. Concordance analysis reveals a recurring affective register of grievance, urgency, and threat management that is often
preserved in faithful translations yet can be reoriented through institutional framing. The discourse-historical approach,
combined with corpus methods, enables triangulation across diverse data sources and methods, offering an integrative framework for
analyzing how translation archives participate in the cultural politics of geopolitical knowledge.
Résumé
Cette étude examine la manière dont « Interpret: China », un projet d’archives de
traduction hébergé par le Center for Strategic and International Studies (États-Unis), façonne ce qui est reconnu
comme relevant de la « Chine » pour les publics concernés par les politiques publiques, tout en présentant son travail comme un
moyen de favoriser une « compréhension objective ». S’appuyant sur un corpus de 335 textes sources en chinois et de leurs
traductions anglaises, couvrant la période de 1979 à 2025, l’étude soutient que la signification idéologique est produite moins
par des divergences systématiques entre texte source et texte cible que par une traduction conçue comme une pratique
institutionnelle de curation. En mobilisant une approche historico-discursive fondée sur l’analyse de corpus dans le cadre de
l’analyse critique du discours, l’étude articule analyse linguistique et analyse sociohistorique afin d’explorer les interactions
entre discours, pouvoir et idéologie. La méthodologie combine une analyse quantitative de corpus et une analyse qualitative du
discours, mettant au jour des régularités à travers les genres, les thèmes, les auteurs, les sources et les étiquettes
documentaires. Les résultats montrent que les archives rendent la Chine intelligible, de manière récurrente, au prisme de la
compétition géopolitique et sécuritaire ainsi que du développement économique, avec des pics ponctuels autour de Taïwan et des
tensions militaires. L’analyse des concordances met en évidence un registre affectif récurrent de grief, d’urgence et de gestion
de la menace, souvent préservé dans des traductions fidèles, mais susceptible d’être réorienté par le cadrage institutionnel.
L’approche historico-discursive, combinée aux méthodes de linguistique de corpus, permet une triangulation de données et de
méthodes variées, offrant ainsi un cadre intégré pour analyser la manière dont les archives de traduction participent aux
politiques culturelles de la production des savoirs géopolitiques.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Translation of institutional discourse
- 3.Discourse-historical approach to critical discourse analysis
- 4.Data and methods
- 5.Results and discussion
- 5.1Intertextuality and recontextualization of institutional discourses
- 5.2Representations of China in translated institutional discourses
- 5.2.1China as a geopolitical and political-ideological threat and competitor
- 5.2.2China as a rising economic and industrial power
- 5.2.3China in diplomatic and strategic relations
- 5.2.4China as a cultural and historical entity
- 5.2.5China in the context of regional and maritime issues
- 5.3Institutional framing of topics and agents of institutional discourses
- 5.4Temporal shifts and continuities of topics in historical context
- 6.Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Author queries
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