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Article In: English World-Wide: Online-First Articles

The pronunciation of English in Shanghai and the city’s image as a global metropolis

ORCiD logo with link | Universiti Brunei Darussalam
 | Universiti Brunei Darussalam
 | Universiti Brunei Darussalam
 | Universiti Brunei Darussalam
 | Universiti Brunei Darussalam
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Abstract
This study investigates the pronunciation of English among young speakers in Shanghai and examines how local phonological patterns relate to the city’s image as a global metropolis. Twenty university students (10 males, 10 females) read a short passage and participated in brief interviews. Acoustic and auditory analyses identified nine recurring features: variable rhoticity, retention of word-final /t, d/, predominant realisation of voiceless and voiced TH as [θ] and [ð], occasional L-deletion after back vowels, partial distinction of long and short vowels, limited vowel reduction, absence of epenthetic final vowels, occasional substitution of /ʒ/ with [ɹ], and sporadic replacement of /v/ with [w]. The findings suggest that English in Shanghai reflects global influences and local phonological tendencies, forming part of an evolving regional norm rather than deviation from native standards. In this regard, Shanghai English contributes to the pluralisation of English in Asia and indexes the city’s modern, cosmopolitan identity.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Theoretical background
    • 2.1Intelligibility
    • 2.2Cross-linguistic influence
    • 2.3Previous studies
    • 2.4Modernity and communicative efficiency
  • 3.Method
    • 3.1Participants
    • 3.2Data collection
    • 3.3Data analysis
  • 4.Results
    • 4.1Rhoticity
    • 4.2Deletion of word-final [t] and [d]
    • 4.3TH
    • 4.4Deleted L
    • 4.5Vowel length distinction
    • 4.6Absence of reduced vowels
    • 4.7Extra final vowel
    • 4.8/ʒ/ as [ɹ]
    • 4.9Voiced fricatives /v/ and /z/
  • 5.Discussion and conclusions
  • 6.Limitations and future directions
  • Acknowledgements
  • Note
  • References
References (100)
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