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In:Migration, Language, and Policy Discourse: Bridging the gap between policymaking and language assessment
Laura Schildt
[IMPACT: Studies in Language, Culture and Society 59] 2026
► pp. 50–63

Chapter 4
Language testing for migration

Historical shifts and developments

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Article outline
  • The turn to language testing expertise in the governance of migration
    • U.S.
    • Australia
    • Canada
  • Ethical implications
  • The emergence of language requirements in Europe
  • Test impact
  • Test validation
    • Samuel Messick
    • From test validation theory to practice
    • Balancing agency and structure
  • ‘Policy conversations’ and positionality
  • Notes
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