Article In: Pragmatics and Society: Online-First Articles
Impersonality as a mitigation strategy in Chinese and Spanish Tinder self-praise
This content is being prepared for publication; it may be subject to changes.
Abstract
On online dating platforms, where first impressions are crucial for successful matches, users often highlight their positive qualities while mitigating self-praise to avoid appearing arrogant. This study compares the use of impersonality as a mitigation strategy in self-praise among Chinese and Spanish Tinder users. Drawing on profile texts containing self-praise, the analysis distinguishes between the impersonalization of “I” as the agent and as the object of praise. Functionally, this strategy helps Tinder users strike a balance between self-promotion and apparent modesty, while also facilitating flirtatious interaction in some cases. The differences between the two communities reflect the influence of sociocultural norms, while some shared tendencies appear to be shaped by platform-specific features and interactional considerations. These findings provide empirical support for the framework proposed by Briz, Antonio, and Marta Albelda. 2013. “Una propuesta teórica y metodológica para el análisis de la atenuación lingüística en español y portugués: La base de un proyecto en común (ES.POR.ATENUACIÓN).” Onomázein 281: 288–319. and Albelda, Marta, Antonio Briz, Ana María Cestero Mancera, Dorota Kotwica, and Concepción Villalba Ibáñez. 2014. “Ficha metodológica para el análisis pragmático de la atenuación en corpus discursivos del español (es.por.atenuación).” Oralia 171: 7–62. , demonstrating how sociocultural and interactional motivations manifest in the specific context of digital dating discourse.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Self-presentation and self-praise as tools for identity construction
- 3.Impersonality as a mitigation strategy
- 4.Methodology
- 4.1Data collection
- 4.2Data analysis
- 5.Findings and discussion
- 5.1Impersonalization of “I” as the agent of praise
- 5.2Impersonalization of “I” as the object of praise
- 6.Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- Note
References
References (48)
Albelda, Marta. 2018a. “¿Atenuación del compromiso del hablante?: El caso de los evidenciales por lo visto y se ve que.” Rilce: Revista de Filología Hispánica 34 (3): 1179–1214.
. 2018b. “La variación genérico-discursiva de la atenuación como resultado de la variación de la imagen.” Spanish in Context 15 (2): 346–368.
Albelda, Marta, Antonio Briz, Ana María Cestero Mancera, Dorota Kotwica, and Concepción Villalba Ibáñez. 2014. “Ficha metodológica para el análisis pragmático de la atenuación en corpus discursivos del español (es.por.atenuación).” Oralia 171: 7–62.
Albelda, Marta, and Maria Estellés. 2021. “Mitigation Revisited: An Operative and Integrated Definition of the Pragmatic Concept, Its Strategic Values, and Its Linguistic Expression.” Journal of Pragmatics 1831: 71–86.
Briz, Antonio. 1998. El español coloquial en la conversación: Esbozo de pragmagramática. Barcelona: Ariel.
. 2007. “Para un análisis semántico, pragmático y sociopragmático de la cortesía atenuadora en España y América.” Lingüística Española Actual 291: 5–40.
Briz, Antonio, and Marta Albelda. 2013. “Una propuesta teórica y metodológica para el análisis de la atenuación lingüística en español y portugués: La base de un proyecto en común (ES.POR.ATENUACIÓN).” Onomázein 281: 288–319.
Brown, Penelope, and Stephen Levinson. 1987. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cantos-Delgado, Clara, and Carmen Maíz-Arévalo. 2023. “I Hear You Like Bad Girls? I’m Bad at Everything: A British-Spanish Cross-Cultural Analysis of Humour as a Self-Presentation Strategy in Tinder Profiles.” The European Journal of Humour Research 11(3): 31–53.
Cestero, Ana María, and Marta Albelda. 2012. “La atenuación lingüística como fenómeno variable.” Oralia 151: 67–124.
Contreras, Josefa. 2018. “La impersonalidad como estrategia de atenuación en la novela El lector de Julio Verne de Almudena Grandes: Un análisis contrastivo alemán/español.” Rilce: Revista de Filología Hispánica 34 (3): 1243–1258.
. 2021. “Estrategias de atenuación impersonales en artículos académicos españoles y alemanes.” Revista de Lenguas para Fines Específicos 27 (2): 173–184.
Ellison, Nicole, Rebecca Heino, and Jennifer Gibbs. 2006. “Managing Impressions Online: Self-Presentation Processes in the Online Dating Environment.” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 11 (2): 415–441.
Hyland, Ken. 2010. “Metadiscourse: Mapping Interactions in Academic Writing.” Nordic Journal of English Studies 9 (2): 125–143.
Koch, Peter, and Wulf Oesterreicher. 2007. Lengua hablada en la Romania: Español, francés, italiano. Madrid: Gredos.
Li, Fan, and Yicheng Wu. 2022. “Self-praise by Chinese and American Celebrities on TV Talk Shows.” East Asian Pragmatics 7(2): 267–290.
Liu, Yuehua, Wenyu Pan, and Wei Gu. 2004. Practical Modern Chinese Grammar. Beijing: The Commercial Press.
Ma, Xinran, Xiaopeng Ren, and Jiang Xu. 2016. “The Difference of Collectivism Between North and South China and Its Cultural Dynamics.” Advances in Psychological Science 241: 1551–1555.
Maíz-Arévalo, Carmen. 2021. “Blowing Our Own Trumpet: Self-Praise in Peninsular Spanish Face-to-Face Communication.” Journal of Pragmatics 1831: 107–120.
. 2022. “Self-Praise in Peninsular Spanish Face-to-Face Interaction.” In Self-Praise Across Cultures and Contexts, ed. by Chaoqun Xie, and Ying Tong, 161–182. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
. 2023a. “Humour as a Self-Presentation Strategy”. In The Power of Self-Presentation: Spanish Speakers Constructing Digital Identity, 101–132. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
. 2023b. “Positivity and Authenticity”. In The Power of Self-Presentation: Spanish Speakers Constructing Digital Identity, 73–100. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
Méndez Santos, María del Carmen. 2024. “Chica conoce chico: Análisis de la comunicación digital para encontrar pareja heterosexual en Tinder.” Revista Estudios del Discurso Digital 71: 21–45.
Peng, Shuo. 2026. “Estrategias de autoelogio en Tinder: un estudio contrastivo chino-español.” Onomázein 721.
Peng, Shuo, and Carlos Antonio Moreno Carrero. 2021. “Estrategias de cortesía y valoraciones negativas en el comercio electrónico: un estudio contrastivo chino-español.” Revista Española de Lingüística Aplicada 34(2), 585–610.
Ranzini, Giulia, and Christoph Lutz. 2016. “Love at First Swipe? Explaining Tinder Self-Presentation and Motives.” Mobile Media & Communication 5(1): 80–101.
Ren, Wei, Saeko Fukushima, and Guo Yaping. 2025. “Comparison Between Chinese and Japanese Self-Praise on Social Media.” Journal of Pragmatics 2461, 219–231.
Ren, Wei, and Yaping Guo. 2020. “Self-Praise on Chinese Social Networking Sites.” Journal of Pragmatics 1691: 179–189.
. 2023. “Self-Praise on Social Media WeChat Moments in L1 and L2 Chinese.” International Journal of Applied Linguistics 33 (3): 425–439.
. 2024. “Translanguaging in Self-Praise on Chinese Social Media.” Applied Linguistics Review 15(1): 355–376.
Sánchez-Jiménez, David, and Paulina Meza. 2024. “Caracterización lingüístico-discursiva de los mecanismos de despersonalización y posicionamiento del autor en el género médico Ficha Clínica.” Pragmalingüística 321: 355–384.
Speer, Susan A. 2012. “The Interactional Organization of Self-Praise: Epistemics, Preference Organization, and Implications for Identity Research.” Social Psychology Quarterly 75 (1): 52–79.
Villalba, Cristina. 2012a. “El valor atenuante de la impersonalidad en los juicios orales.” Anuario de Lingüística Hispánica 281: 117–132.
. 2012b. “La impersonalidad como recurso atenuante en los juicios orales.” In Estudios de lingüística: investigaciones, propuestas y aplicaciones, 121–131. Valencia: Servei de Publicacions.
Ward, Janelle. 2016. “Swiping, Matching, Chatting: Self-Presentation and Self-Disclosure on Mobile Dating Apps.” HumanIT 13 (2): 81–95.
Wu, Keyan, and Zhaoqi Tong. 2024. “Problems in the Studies of Nonpersonal Subject Sentences and the Countermeasures.” Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 46 (5): 427–433.
Wu, Oscar. 2019. “Tinder y conductas sexuales de riesgo en jóvenes españoles.” Aloma: Revista de Psicologia, Ciències de l’Educació i de l’Esport 37 (1): 35–42.
Wu, Ruey-Jiuan Regina. 2012. “Self-Praising through Reporting: Strategic Use of Two Reporting Practices in Mandarin Conversation.” Discourse Processes 49 (8): 622–659.
Yang, Chia-chen, and B. Bradford Brown. 2016. “Online Self-Presentation on Facebook and Self-Development during the College Transition.” Journal of Youth and Adolescence 45 (2): 402–416.
Zhang, Fan, Yun Chen, Xiaoke Zeng, Tianqi Wang, Long Ling, and Ray, L. C. 2025. “An Image of Ourselves in Our Minds: How College-Educated Online Dating Users Construct Profiles for Effective Self-Presentation.” Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 9 (2): 1–30.
Zhao, Lishuang. 2020. Estudio de la atenuación en conversaciones coloquiales chinas. PhD diss., Universitat Politècnica de València.