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Part of
Prediction in Second Language Processing and Learning
Edited by Edith Kaan and Theres Grüter
[Bilingual Processing and Acquisition 12] 2021
► pp. 1–24

Chapter 1
Prediction in second language processing and learning

Advances and directions

| University of Florida
| University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa
There is ample evidence that language users, including second language (L2) speakers, can predict upcoming information during listening and reading. Yet it is still unclear when, how, and why language users engage in prediction, and what the relation is between prediction and learning. This volume presents a collection of current research, insights and directions regarding the role of prediction in L2 processing and learning. In this introductory chapter, we provide an overview of the current state of the field and highlight that prediction may not always be the most efficient processing mechanism, depending on a language user’s linguistic experience, task demands, goals and resources. We propose that a focus on the utility of prediction may help us better understand differences in predictive processing within and between individuals and groups.
Article outline
  • Introduction
  • What is prediction and what is it good for in L2 learning and processing?
    • What is prediction?
    • What is prediction good for?
  • A brief history of prediction in language processing research
    • Research on prediction in L1 sentence processing
    • Research on prediction in L2 sentence processing
  • Prediction in L1 and L2 processing: The role of utility
    • Cue reliability and utility in L1 predictive processing
    • Cue reliability and utility in L2 predictive processing
    • A note about proficiency
  • Prediction and learning
    • Insights from L1 speakers
    • Insights from L2 speakers
    • Again: Utility
  • Concluding remarks, synopses of chapters, and future directions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
Published online: 22 September 2021
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/bpa.12.01kaa
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