Englishness in German translations of Alice in Wonderland
In order to explain away the peculiarity of Alice in Wonderland to a German audience, peritexts in many translations construct nonsense, the author Dodgson/Carroll and the novel itself as particularly English phenomena. Examining forewords and afterwords and some German translations, especially two post-war translations from 1922 and 1949 with clear and distinctive Anglo-German cultural agendas, this article will reveal a central paradox: while Englishness is evoked in these peritexts so that the familiarity of the national tropes may supposedly serve to counterbalance the strangeness of the novel, the translations themselves may, in contrast, actually neutralise or domesticate this purported Englishness. Combining imagology and translation studies, this analysis reveals strangely hybrid translations which peritextually proclaim one thing but in practice do another.
Article outline
- Englishness as a trope in German Alice in Wonderland translations
- Imagology, translation studies and paratexts
- German Alice in Wonderlands and their peritexts
-
The life and work of Dodgson/Carroll
- The genesis of Alice in Wonderland
- The socio-historic context
- The translations themselves
- The Englishness of Alice in Wonderland
-
Case study 1: Alice and Anglo-German relations
-
Case study 2: Alice in Wonderland and denazification
- Conclusion
-
Notes
-
References
References
Anon
. n.d. [
1949] “
Vorwort.” In
Alices Abenteuer im Wunderland, Lewis Carroll. [Trans.
Karl Köstlin; Ill.
Lilo Rasch-Nägele], 4. Stuttgart: Riederer.
Bamberger, Richard
1969 “
Trends in der modernen Jugendliteratur.” In
Trends in der modernen Jugendliteratur, ed. by
Richard Bamberger, 3–32. Wien: Internationales Institut für Kinder-, Jugend- und Volksliteratur.
Barrett, R.G.L.
1922 “
Nachwort.” In
Alice im Wunderland, Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Robert Guy Lionel Barrett;. Ill.
F. W. Roth], 155–158. Würzburg: Selbstverlag des Übersetzers. Nürnberg: Der Bund.
Beller, Manfred, and Joep Leerssen
(eds) 2007 Imagology: The Cultural Construction and Literary Representation of National Characters. A Critical Survey. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Bloch, Werner
1946 “
Vom Unsinn im allgemeinen und vom Unsinn in diesem Buch im besonderen.” In
Alice im Wunderland, Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Werner Bloch. Ill.
Gertrud Jungfermann], 146–149. Berlin: Minerva.
Bourke, John
1965 Englischer Humor. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Carroll, Lewis
. n.d
[1869]. Alice’s Abenteuer im Wunderland [Trans.
Antoine Zimmermann. Ill.
John Tenniel]. Leipzig: Hartknoch. (= Carroll/Zimmermann 1869)
Carroll, Lewis
1912 Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Helene Scheu-Riesz. Ill.
Arthur Rackham]. Weimar: Kiepenheuer. (= Carroll/Scheu-Riesz 1912a)
Carroll, Lewis
. n.d [
1912]
Liese im Wunderland [Trans.
Helene Scheu-Riesz. Ill.
Marta Hofrichter]. Wien: Konegen. (= Carroll/Scheu-Riesz 1912b)
Carroll, Lewis
. n.d [
1922]
Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Robert Guy Lionel Barrett. Ill.
F. W. Roth]. Würzburg: Selbstverlag des Übersetzers. Nürnberg: Der Bund. (= Carroll/Barrett 1922)
Carroll, Lewis
. n.d [
1948]
Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Walther Günther Schreckenbach. Ill.
Hanne Umrain-Fischer]. Nürnberg: Die Egge. (= Carroll/Schreckenbach 1948)
Carroll, Lewis
1949 Alicens Abenteuer im Wunderland [Trans.
Franz Sester. Ill.
Charlotte Strech-Ballot]. Düsseldorf: Drei Eulen. (= Carroll/Sester 1949)
Carroll, Lewis
. n.d [
1949]
Alices Abenteuer im Wunderland [Trans.
Karl Köstlin. Ill.
Lilo Rasch-Nägele]. Stuttgart: Riederer. (= Carroll/Köstlin 1949)
Carroll, Lewis
1963 Alice im Wunderland. Alice hinter den Spiegeln. Zwei Romane [Trans. and ed. by
Christian Enzensberger. Ill.
Lewis Carroll]. Frankfurt/M: Insel. (= Carroll/Enzensberger 1963)
Carroll, Lewis
1967 Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Liselotte Remané and
Martin Remané;. Ill.
Frans Haacken]. Berlin: Alfred Holz. (= Carroll/Remané 1967)
Carroll, Lewis
1970 Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Annegret Rausch-Hüger. Ill.
Elisabeth Grauel-von Mandelsloh]. Balve: Engelbert-Verlag. (= Carroll/Rausch-Hüger 1970)
Carroll, Lewis
1985/1986 Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Barbara Teutsch. Ill.
Arthur Rackham]. München: Domino. (= Carroll/Teutsch 1985/1986)
Carroll, Lewis
1988 Alice im Wunderland [Trans. and afterword by
Dieter H. Stündel. Ill.
Johann Peterka]. München: Goldmann. (= Carroll/Stündel 1988)
Carroll, Lewis
1989 Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Barbara Teutsch. Ill.
John Tenniel]. Hamburg: Dressler. (= Carroll/Teutsch 1989)
Carroll, Lewis
1992 Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Nanette von Cube. Ill.
Siggi Grunow]. Afterword
Roger Willemsen. München: Boer. (= Carroll/von Cube 1992)
Carroll, Lewis
1993 Alice im Wunderland [Trans.
Siv Bublitz. Ill.
Klaus Ensikat]. Afterword
Dieter E. Zimmer. Reinbek: Rotfuchs. (= Carroll/Bublitz 1993)
Carroll, Lewis
1999 Alices Abenteuer im Wunderland [Trans.
Günter Flemming. Ill.
John Tenniel]. Stuttgart: Reclam. (= Carroll/Flemming 1999)
Carroll, Lewis
2005 Alices Abenteuer im Wunderland [Trans.
Martin Karau. Ill.
Jassen Ghuiselev]. Berlin: Aufbau-Verlag. (= Carroll/Karau 2005)
Carroll, Lewis
2012 Alices Abenteuer im Wunderland. [Trans.
Antonie Zimmermann. Getreu & behutsam erneuert von
Gerd Haffmans. Ill.
Jonathan Wolstenholme]. Leipzig: Haffmanns. (= Carroll/Zimmermann/Haffmanns 2012)
Enzensberger, Christian
1963 “
Die Aufruhr der Regeln.” In
Alice im Wunderland. Alice hinter den Spiegeln. Zwei Romane, by
Lewis Carroll. [Trans. and ed.
Christian Enzensberger. Ill.
Lewis Carroll], 255–265. Frankfurt/M: Insel.
Firchow, Peter Edgerly
1986 The Death of the German Cousin. Variations on a Literary Stereotype, 1890–1920. Lewisburg, London, Toronto: Associated University Presses.
Flemming, Günter
1999 “
Alice selbdritt. Nachwort.” In
Alices Abenteuer im Wunderland, Carroll, Lewis [Trans.
Günter Flemming. Ill.
John Tenniel], 167–198. Stuttgart: Reclam.
Genette, Gérard
1997 Paratexts: Thresholds of interpretation [Transl.
Jane E. Lewin]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hazard, Paul
1932 Les livres, les enfants et les hommes. Paris: Flammarion.
Hoenselaars, Ton, and Joep Leerssen
2009 “
The Rhetoric of National Character. Introduction.”
European Journal of English Studies 13 (3): 251–255.
Horton, David
2002 “
Describing Intercultural Transfer in Literary Texts: Alice in Wonderland.” In
Kultur und Übersetzung. Methodologische Probleme des Kulturtransfers, ed. by
Gisela Thome,
Claudia Giehl, and
Heidrun Gerzymisch-Arbogast, 95–113. Tübingen: Narr.
Hühnerfeld, Paul
1955 “
Drei kleine Mädchen und ein Dichter.” In
Alice im Wunderland, Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Sybil Gräfin Schönfeldt, Ill.
Hildegard Hudemann], 5–12. München: Obpacher Buch und Kunstverlag.
Kellman, Steven
2010 “
Alien Autographs: How Translators Make Their Marks.”
Neohelicon: Acta Comparationis Litterarum Universarum 37 (1): 7–19.
Kent, Peter
1972 “
Nachwort.” In
Alice im Wunderland. Eine Geschichte für Kinder, by
Lewis Carroll [Trans
Antonie Zimmermann, adapted by
Peter Kent. Ill.
John Tenniel], 189–191. Zürich/Köln: Benziger.
Köhler, Peter
1990 “
Nachwort.” In
Das Nonsens-Buch, ed. by
Peter Köhler, 333–351. Stuttgart: Reclam.
Lassen, Henrik, and Roy Sellars
2009 “
The Fawlty Rhetoric of National Character.”
European Journal of English Studies 13 (3): 319–31.
Lathey, Gillian
2010 The Role of Translators in Children’s Literature: Invisible Storytellers. New York: Routledge.
Leach, Karoline
1999 In
the Shadow of the Dreamchild. A New Understanding of Lewis Carroll. London: Peter Owen.
Leerssen, Joep
2007 “
Imagology. History and method.” In
Imagology: The Cultural Construction and Literary Representation of National Characters. A Critical Survey, ed. by
Manfred Beller, and
Joep Leerssen, 17–32. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi.
Leonard, T.J.
1947 “
First Steps in Cruelty.”
British Zone Review: A Fortnightly Review of the Activities of the Control Commission for Germany (B.E.) and Military Government 1 (37): 10–13.
Liede, Alfred
1963 Dichtung als Spiel. Studien zur Unsinnspoesie an den Grenzen der Sprache. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Lindseth, Jon A., and Alan Tannenbaum
(eds.) 2015
Alice in a World of Wonderlands. The Translations of Lewis Carroll’s Masterpiece 3 vols. New Castle, Delaware Oak Knoll Press
Nord, Christiane
1993 “
Alice im Niemandsland. Die Bedeutung von Kultursignalen für die Wirkung von literarischen Übersetzungen.” In
Traducere Navem. Festschrift für Katharina Reiß zum 70. Geburtstag, ed. by
Justa Holz-Mänttäri, and
Christiane Nord, 395–416. Tampere: Universität Tampere.
O’Sullivan, Emer
2000 Kinderliterarische Komparatistik. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter.
O’Sullivan, Emer
2003 “
Narratology meets Translation Studies, or, The Voice of the Translator in Children’s Literature.”
Meta 48 (1–2): 197–207.
O’Sullivan, Emer
2011 “
A sense of place? The Irishness of Irish Children’s Literature in Translation.” In
Young Irelands: Studies in Children’s Literature, ed. by
Mary S. Thompson, 137–153. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
O’Sullivan, Emer
2015. “
Miss Zimmermann’s Legacy: German Translations of Alice im Wunderland
.” In
Lindseth and
Tannenbaum (eds.) vol. 1 259 269
Scheu-Riesz, Helene
1923 “
An alle deutsche Kinder, die dieses Buch lesen!” In
Alice im Wunderland,
Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Helene Scheu-Riesz. Ill.
Uriel Birnbaum], n.p. Wien: Sesam Verlag.
Schönfeldt, Sybil Gräfin
1991 “
Alice unter der Erde.” In
Alice im Wunderland,
Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Sybil Gräfin Schönfeldt. Ill.
Julia Gukova], 8–11. Esslingen: Esslinger im ÖBV.
Seifert, Martina
2005 “
The Image Trap: The Translation of English-Canadian Children’s Literature into German.” In
Children’s Literature Global and Local: Social and Aesthetic Perspectives, ed. by
Emer O’Sullivan,
Kimberley Reynolds, and
Rolf Romøren, 227–39. Oslo: Novus Press.
Seifert, Martina
2011 Die Bilderfalle: Kanada in der deutschsprachigen Kinder- und Jugendliteratur des 20. Jahrhunderts: Produktion und Rezeption. Leipzig. Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor philosophiae (Dr. phil.) an der Universität Leipzig.
Sester, Franz
1949 “
Vorwort.” In
Alicens Abenteuer im Wunderland,
Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Franz Sester. Ill.
Charlotte Strech-Ballot], 7–8. Düsseldorf: Drei Eulen.
Sichelschmidt, Gustav
1962 “
Die hundertjährige Alice.”
Jugendliteratur 12, 529–532.
Simons, Anna
1926 “
Das englische Kinderbuch.”
Die Literarische Welt, December 3, 9.
Soenen, Johan
1992 “
Imagology and Translation.”
Linguistica Antverpiensia XXVI, 127–139.
Stephan-Kühn, Freya
1995 “
Nachwort.” In
Alice im Wunderland,
Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Liselotte Remané and
Martin Remané. Ill.
Klaus Müller], 173–176. Würzburg: Arena.
Stündel, Dieter H.
1988 “
Nachwort.” In
Alice im Wunderland,
Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Dieter H. Stündel. Ill.
Johann Peterka], 133–138. München: Goldmann.
Tahir Gürçağlar, Şehnaz
2002 “
What Texts Don’t Tell: The Uses of Paratexts in Translation Research.” In
Crosscultural Transgressions. Research Models in Translation studies II: Historical and Ideological Issues, ed. by
Theo Hermans, 44–60. Manchester: St. Jerome.
Tahir Gürçağlar, Şehnaz
2011 “
Paratexts.” In
Handbook of Translation Studies, Volume 2, ed. by
Yves Gambier, and
Luc van Doorslaer, 113–6. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Teutsch, Barbara
1989 “
Variationen in Alice.” In
Alice im Wunderland,
Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Barbara Teutsch. Ill.
John Tenniel], 138–142. Hamburg: Dressler.
Wachsmuth, Gerda, and Peter A. Horn
1948 “
Onkel Dodo.” In
Alice im Wunderland,
Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Gerda Wachsmuth and
Peter A. Horn. Ill.
Hicks], 181–189. Hamburg: Globus.
Wardetzky, Kristin
2012 “
Märchen in Erziehung und Unterricht.”
Evangelische Stadtakademie München.
[URL]. [Accessed 10 Januar 2013].
Weinkauff, Gina, and Martina Seifert
2006 Ent-fernungen. Fremdwahrnehmung und Kulturtransfer in der deutschsprachigen Kinder- und Jugendliteratur seit 1945. 2 vols. München: iudicium.
Willemsen, Roger
1985 “
Nachwort.” In
Alice im Wunderland, Lewis Carroll [Trans.
Nanette von Cube. Ill.
Siggi Grunow], 182–187. München: Boer.
Willemsen, Roger
1993 “
Nachwort.” In
Album für Alice: eine Huldigung an Lewis Carroll. Mit Zeichnungen nach seinen Photographien kleiner Mädchen und anderen viktorianischen Kinderbildnissen sowie Illustrationen zu “Alice im Wunderland” [Trans.
Antonie Zimmermann. Ill.
Albert Schindehütte], 165–175. Hamburg: Hoffmann und Campe.
Cited by
Cited by 1 other publications
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.