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Part of
Translation of Autobiography: Narrating self, translating the other
Susan XU Yun
[Benjamins Translation Library 136] 2017
► pp. 221–230

Index

A

  • Abbott 75–76, 213
  • adaptation 13, 143, 207
  • addressees 3, 33, 72–73, 120, 192
  • addressers 72, 136
  • aesthetic 22, 45, 56, 214, 216, 219
  • affiliation 130, 143, 200, 219
    • author’s 56, 64
    • institutional165
  • agency 33, 39, 71, 144, 213
  • agents 4, 60, 152, 188
  • aligning 34, 114, 124, 146, 152
  • alignment147
    • cognitive124
    • emotional177
    • psychological125
  • alliance 23, 32
  • alliteration38
  • Alvstad 6, 10, 138, 213
  • ambiguity 43, 51, 69, 89, 153, 192
  • analysis, three-level 70–71, 82
  • analytical framework147
  • anaphoric references63
  • Anglocentric209
  • anti-imperialism mentality182
  • anti-Japanese resistance 60, 197
  • appositions61
  • Aristotle34
  • artificiality117
  • Asia210
  • Asian
    • contexts210
    • cultures 62, 198
    • perspective209
    • values7
  • Asimakoulas 4, 213
  • assertiveness 79, 116, 124
  • assumed translation14
  • asynchronous publication6
  • attitude 76, 164, 183, 185, 202, 206
  • attitudinal 185, 189, 200
    • disparity194
    • inconsistence 172, 185, 189, 192, 194, 200, 202, 207
    • stability192
    • unsteadiness192
  • Attridge 27, 213
  • authenticity 12, 31, 37, 45, 76, 102, 217, 219
  • author 3–4, 10–12, 15–16, 24–25, 35, 43–44, 51, 56–58, 60–65, 67–68, 70–79, 90–91, 102–3, 170–72, 205–6
    • ghost 26, 29, 75, 142, 164, 201
    • implied see also implied author
    • omniscient92
  • authorial 77–78
    • assertiveness57
    • attitude 3, 5, 64, 149, 165, 206
    • identity38
    • ideological affiliation144
    • narrator 77–78, 85, 88, 93, 121, 123
    • persona 38, 75
    • subjectivities26
    • tone 44–47, 92, 109, 148–49, 152
    • traits35
  • authoritarianism 183, 219
  • authority 25, 142–43, 209
  • author-narrator distinction 76–77
  • author-reader relationship 63–64, 209
  • authorship 11, 24, 75–76
  • autobiographer 2–3, 11–12, 24–26, 28–32, 34–35, 37, 44, 51, 55, 64, 99, 102, 160, 164, 168
  • autobiographical 21, 25, 27, 32, 76, 81, 172, 215, 218
    • exceptionality27
    • language 16, 43–44, 64–65
    • memory 31–32, 39, 54, 121, 216, 218
    • realism43
    • self32
    • style35
  • autobiographical contract 20, 25, 73, 217
  • autobiographical studies 5, 30, 39, 209
  • autobiography 2–8, 10–12, 16, 19–39, 41–65, 67–97, 99–102, 122–26, 132, 167–68, 172, 186–88, 200–202, 205–10, 214–19
    • debunked44
    • genre of 23, 39, 107, 209
    • literary 24, 32, 38, 209
    • minority19
    • monolingual209
    • national 19, 33–34
    • non-literary38
    • political 28–29, 33, 45, 57, 76, 209
    • self-authored11
    • women’s 19, 218
  • awareness 16, 25, 29, 50, 136, 173–74, 176–77, 182, 189–90, 201, 208–9
  • awkward 150–51, 156, 182
    • constructions 156, 158, 161
    • syntax159

B

  • Baba Malay186
  • ba-construction187
  • Baker 4, 213, 215
  • Bakhtin108
  • Bal 69, 79, 88, 136, 213
  • Banfield 4, 84, 101, 122, 125, 213
  • Barros 19, 35–36, 214
  • beliefs 35, 49, 51, 75, 81, 83, 91–92, 96, 99, 105, 107, 132–33, 144
  • Benton 24–25, 214
  • Besemeres 37, 39, 214
  • bilingual 15, 130, 218
    • competence70
    • education 6–9, 63, 140, 142, 153, 181
    • policy 7–8, 13, 78, 150–51, 200
  • bilingualism 5–9, 11–15, 30, 70, 142, 144, 209
  • binary opposition 9, 19–20, 27, 29, 32, 39, 41, 205, 210, 213
  • biographers24
  • biography 20–21, 23–25, 29, 205, 214–15, 217
  • bios 30–31
  • blurb 73, 75–76, 142–43
  • Boase-Beier 4, 214
  • Boldrini 25–26, 214
  • Booth 4, 74–75, 170, 214
  • Bosseaux 4–5, 214
  • boulomatic106
  • Boxer Rebellion 53–54, 182
  • brevity 57–58, 120
  • British
    • colony 73, 76, 141
    • culture 62, 198
    • English184
  • Bruner 27, 31–33, 38–39, 70, 79–80, 83, 123, 214

C

  • Cambridge 55–56, 127, 213–218
  • Cambridge Examination Board56
  • Cambridge University 56, 126–27, 216
  • camera eye 77–78, 113, 118
  • canonical literature 20–21, 27, 29
  • Cantonese7
  • Carter and Nash 41–43, 57, 214, 219
  • Chai Chong Yii 130–31, 174–75
  • Chapman 42, 214
  • character 33–35, 63, 67–68, 71–74, 77–80, 82–96, 101–5, 107–10, 112–19, 122–23, 130–33, 152–53, 169–70, 179–82, 206
  • character’s
    • attitude107
    • consciousness 89, 92–93, 99–101, 107, 109, 111, 114, 116–118, 126, 129, 132, 135, 152, 202, 206–7
  • characters
    • fallible177
    • reflector86
  • Charles Dickens26
  • Charlotte Brontë26
  • Chatman 4, 68–69, 71–72, 75–77, 79, 82, 84, 88–91, 136, 138, 167, 170–71, 214, 217, 219
  • Chesterman 13, 214
  • chiasmus 37, 216
  • China Institute 53–54, 57, 181–82
  • Chinese 8–9, 12, 14, 59–60, 111–13, 142, 150–51, 155–57, 161–62, 173–74, 177–78, 181–82, 186–88, 190–91, 193–94
    • autobiographies 2, 5, 197
    • chauvinism192
    • community 8, 175, 199–200
    • culture 119, 149, 156, 158
    • dialects 7–8
    • heritage 62, 73
    • language 59, 61, 73, 81, 115, 125, 127, 147–48, 150, 155, 161, 179, 182, 186, 192
    • literature145
    • value system 127–28
  • Chinese-educated 9, 12, 128, 140
  • Chinese education 8, 13, 70, 81, 140, 153, 186–88
  • Chinese High 117–118
  • Chinese-language education 120, 163
  • Chinese-medium schools 62, 81, 85, 121, 140, 142, 145, 178, 186, 199
  • Chinese school education 126, 157
  • Chinese schools 81, 104, 120, 127, 140, 152, 157–58, 162–63, 188
  • Chinese Singaporeans 73, 106, 122
  • Chinese-speaking community 9, 160
  • Chinese-stream students 119, 158
  • Choon Guan School 81–82, 186–88
  • circumlocution 147, 152–56, 165, 199, 207
  • clause 61–62, 104, 120, 122, 125, 130, 150–51, 155
    • embedded124
    • material 74, 82
    • mental 82, 106, 154
    • relational 149, 153, 194
    • relative 105, 151, 179, 182
    • subordinate 62, 104, 124, 150
    • verbal 119, 158
  • cline 42–43, 108–10
  • cognition 82, 89, 120
  • cognizance 42, 118, 151
  • coherence 61, 63–64, 127, 131, 133, 137, 147, 149, 156, 162, 181, 206
    • adaptive32
    • enhanced 64, 121
    • partial 33, 64
  • cohesion 47–49, 53, 61–64, 128, 137, 147, 155, 159, 187
  • Cohn 20–21, 26, 28, 75–77, 85, 109–10, 167, 171–72, 193, 200, 214–15
  • collectivism184
  • collocation 62–63, 127, 144, 155, 158, 195, 199
    • defective 153, 155–56, 158–59, 180
  • colonialism34
  • communist 9, 121, 155
  • complex NP 160, 162, 179, 181 ; see also noun phrase
  • comprehensibility 27, 29, 39, 44, 155, 205
  • concurrence 202, 207
  • conflation 16, 36, 65, 67, 73, 76, 172
    • partial83
    • perceived 73, 206
    • presumed 86, 197
  • conflict 76, 109, 193, 213
    • inter-ethnic7
  • Confucian183
    • values146
  • conjunction 38, 42, 54, 56, 58, 62–63, 121, 128, 130, 153, 160–61, 181, 188
  • connection 33, 62, 95, 194
    • inter-sentential 63, 155
    • intra-sentence156
    • logical 63, 195–96
  • connotation 22, 71, 174
    • derogatory60
  • consciousness 2–3, 31–32, 86–87, 92–93, 107, 111–13, 117–21, 125–26, 130–32, 152, 154, 167–68, 184, 206–7, 214–15 see also character’s, narrator’s, translator’s consciousness
    • constituting 100–101, 167–69, 184, 202
    • inner 9, 62, 168
    • mediating 122, 174, 179, 182, 184, 201
    • merging 121, 192
    • ruling 100–101, 124–25
  • construction 3, 148, 150, 153, 158, 174, 195, 206, 218
    • copula153
    • iconic194
    • modal verb79
    • null-subject163
    • syntactic151
    • ungrammatical151
  • context 16, 47–49, 53, 57, 61, 64, 102, 106, 135, 137, 147, 149, 155, 158, 210
    • cultural30
    • multicultural4
  • contextualization149
  • contextualize 5, 7, 39, 149
  • contextual overdetermination 137, 156, 158
  • continuum 106, 214
  • control 82, 89, 116, 121, 142, 199
    • author’s91
    • narratorial123
    • narrator’s 108, 110, 128
  • convergence 114, 118
  • Conway 31, 215
  • Cook 46, 101, 215
  • copula 152–53
  • cultural
    • conventions 27, 31
    • identity 8, 37, 142, 174, 200
    • pluralism7
    • sensitivity37
  • culture 12–13, 15, 20, 27, 37, 44, 47, 62–63, 137, 139, 143–44, 149, 151, 198–199
  • Currie 75, 82–83, 94, 110, 185, 215

D

  • Danielewicz 33, 215
  • deautomatization46
  • decolonization 33, 216
  • deculturalization 181, 198–199
  • defamiliarization 46–47, 99, 101, 104–5, 132–33, 206
  • defamiliarize 91, 104–5, 114, 151
  • defective punctuation 173–74, 191, 194, 197
  • deictic centre 102–3, 113, 116, 118, 127
    • character’s108
    • empty101
    • here-I-now131
    • narrator’s 113, 118
    • zero-point 113, 127
  • deictic shifts 36, 102–4, 113, 127–28, 131
  • Deictic Shift Theory. See DST
  • deixis 5, 36, 92–93, 95–97, 99, 101–2, 105, 132, 169, 206, 218–19
    • compositional 102, 124, 127
    • person 102, 115, 124, 128, 183
    • social 102, 104, 115–16, 131
    • spatial 85, 95, 102, 104, 112–13, 118
    • spatio-temporal84
    • temporal 79, 85, 95, 102, 104, 113, 118–21, 127–28, 154, 190
    • textual 102, 105, 120, 123, 130, 188
  • deontic 105–7, 112, 124–25, 151
  • Descriptive Translation Studies. See DTS
  • desiderative 106, 120–21, 163
  • deviance 41, 46, 219
  • deviant 2–4, 6, 47, 49, 52, 55, 115, 119, 124, 128, 131, 135, 155–56, 163–65, 205–8
    • collocations60
    • lexical choices56
  • deviation 35, 46–47, 83
  • devices 38, 108, 132, 169, 206
    • linguistic 54, 76, 90
    • literary 42, 68
  • dialects 7–8, 62, 111, 116, 129–30, 140, 178–80, 199
  • dialogue 12, 59, 108, 177, 190
  • dichotomy 42, 64, 85, 94
  • didactic 33–34, 39
  • diegesis 99, 108, 119, 121, 126, 167
  • diegetic 79, 108, 114, 122–24, 128, 132, 167, 174
  • Direct Speech. See DS
  • Direct Thought. See DT
  • discordance 172, 193, 197–198, 201
  • discordant
    • narration 167, 170–72, 185, 202, 215
    • voice 167, 172, 193, 198, 200, 209
  • discourse 43, 49, 68–69, 72, 101, 137, 214–15
    • character’s 72, 80, 85, 118
    • narrator’s 80, 85, 118, 171
  • discursive presence 135, 137, 159–60, 164–65, 168, 173–74, 177, 179–80, 182, 188, 191, 200, 202, 207, 209
  • distance 57, 63, 77, 85, 91, 113, 176–77
  • distinction
    • diegesis/mimesis108
    • narrator/character80
  • distinctiveness
    • formal 46–47, 49–50, 52, 181
    • functional 4, 45, 47, 50–52, 64
    • representational47
  • distortion 11, 83, 177, 184, 198, 202
  • double-voiced 33, 215
  • drama 21, 43, 72, 117, 217
  • dramatizing131
  • DS (Direct Speech) 36, 79, 85, 89–91, 93, 95–96, 105, 107–16, 118, 122, 130–31, 154, 159, 173–77, 189–90
  • DST (Deictic Shift Theory) 36, 103–4, 132
  • DT (Direct Thought) 108, 111, 117–118, 123, 138, 152, 159
  • DTS (Descriptive Translation Studies) 138–39, 146, 165, 219
  • dual audience137
  • dual voices 108–9

E

  • elitism 8, 56, 64, 206
  • elitist purism 8–9
  • embodiedness100
  • emotion 14, 23, 31, 82, 89, 92, 110, 113, 120–21, 129, 178
  • empathize 114, 132, 175, 180, 201
  • empathy 109–10, 112, 119, 121, 126, 128–29, 131–32, 167, 172–75, 177–78, 181, 183, 185, 201, 206–8
  • enacting 138, 144
  • enactment 33–34
  • English-educated students 117, 140
  • English-language school81
  • English-medium schools 62, 120, 198
  • English-school students157
  • English-speaking population 125, 162
  • epistemic 105–7, 112, 115, 124–25, 128, 161, 190–91
  • equivalence 142, 158, 177
  • equivocation155
  • erasure 14, 164, 181
  • estrangement 93, 95–96
  • ethnic Chinese 7–8, 156, 161–62, 173–74, 178–79, 181
  • Eurocentric209
  • Eva Hoffman37
  • exceptionality 27, 29–30, 32, 39, 44, 65, 205
  • exclamations 55–56, 175, 183, 191–92
  • experiencing self 80–82, 84, 99, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 123
  • experientiality 100, 108, 111, 114, 116–118, 127, 173, 175

F

  • fable 68–69
  • fabula 68–72, 80, 82, 96, 100, 103, 118, 124
  • facticity 26–30, 190
  • factual discrepancies 172, 182, 184–85, 187–89, 195, 197, 200, 207
  • factuality 26, 54, 57, 190
  • faithful 114, 160, 194
  • fallible filters 90, 109, 114, 116, 129–30, 167, 170–74, 176–77, 179–80, 184, 188, 201–2, 206
  • fallible filtration 109, 170–71
  • FDS (Free Direct Speech) 108, 110, 127, 192
  • FDT (Free Direct Thought) 108, 110, 123, 125
  • fiction 19–21, 26, 28–30, 36, 43, 56, 67, 69, 94, 193, 214–16
    • autodiegetic36
  • fictional autobiography25
  • fictionality26
  • fictive autobiography 20–21, 25–26, 29, 36, 39, 80, 205
  • FID (Free Indirect Discourse) 5, 92–93, 95–96, 110, 115, 123
  • filter90
  • first-person
    • narration 73, 85, 92, 123
    • narratives 79, 85, 217
    • narrator 74, 77–78, 80, 87, 89, 93, 102, 132
  • first-person pronoun 62–63, 78, 104, 111–13, 115, 118, 120–22, 125, 135, 153, 163
  • FIS (Free Indirect Speech) 79, 85, 109–11, 114–118, 132, 191–92
  • FIT (Free Indirect Thought) 109, 131–32
  • Fludernik 68–70, 74, 76–78, 80, 86–88, 95, 99–102, 104, 108, 110–11, 123, 132, 168–69, 206, 215
  • focalization 3, 85–88, 90, 92, 94–95, 117
    • double 86–87
    • external 86–88, 93
    • internal 86–88, 93
    • zero 86, 93
  • folk psychology27
  • foregrounding 2–6, 41, 45–48, 50–52, 54–56, 58–59, 61, 63–64, 114–16, 125–26, 128–29, 131–33, 156, 205–6, 219
  • foregrounding analysis 16, 47, 49, 52–53, 65, 67, 99, 135, 146–47, 155, 167, 206–7
  • formal distinctness152
  • Fowler 3–4, 41–42, 45–47, 50–51, 54, 62, 64, 84, 88–89, 91–95, 105–6, 124, 147–50, 205, 215
  • Free Direct Speech. See FDS
  • Free Direct Thought. See FDT
  • Free Indirect Discourse. See FID
  • Free Indirect Speech. See FIS
  • Free Indirect Thought. See FIT
  • functional grammar 45, 49, 52, 64, 105, 215
  • functional significance 2, 44, 48, 50, 53, 64, 67, 146–47, 151–52, 156, 205–6
  • functions
    • ideational49
    • interpersonal 49, 105, 107
    • self-making126
    • textual49
    • world-making 31–33, 41, 123, 126, 211

G

  • generalizations 86, 138–39, 146
  • Genette 68–69, 76, 80, 84–93, 96, 108, 123, 215
  • Gengzi Indemnity 181–82
  • genres 3, 16, 20–21, 24–25, 27–29, 39, 41, 44, 69, 72, 205, 217
    • literary 2–3, 19, 144, 214, 218
    • non-literary 19, 144
  • Gentzler 6, 144, 215
  • ghostwriter22
  • glorify 28, 76, 155, 164
  • graphe 30–31
  • Gusdof 24–25, 28–29, 215

H

  • habitualization 47, 59
  • Hainanese7
  • Hakka 73, 81, 128, 178
  • Halliday and Matthiessen 45, 49–51, 64, 105–6, 120, 215
  • Hallidayan Functional Grammar52
  • Hamilton 21–22, 215
  • Hampl and May 28, 215–16
  • hanyu pinyin 10
  • Harding 4, 215
  • Heidt 79, 81, 215
  • Hermans 3–4, 6, 42, 46, 135, 137–38, 156, 162, 165, 168, 182, 215
  • heterobiography26
  • histoire 68–69
  • historicity 23, 28, 30, 54, 70, 80–81
  • historiography 20–21, 28–29, 69, 205
  • Hokkien 7, 81, 116, 129, 186
  • Holden 19, 33–34, 39, 60, 197, 216
  • homodiegesis86
  • Howarth 28, 34–36, 216
  • Huddleston 105–6, 216
  • humour 112, 182
  • hybridity 25, 94
  • hypotactic 151, 158
  • hypotaxis150

I

  • I-character 36, 74, 79–83, 85–86, 96, 110, 112–16, 118, 121–22, 124, 127–33
  • I-character’s
    • attitude116
    • belief130
    • consciousness 112–13, 124, 131, 167
    • discourse124
    • emotion116
    • feeling129
    • mind117
    • subjectivity 118, 120, 124
  • identities 25, 31, 37, 39, 44, 77, 91, 208, 216
    • author’s 20, 37
    • ethnic 15, 182
    • narrator’s20
    • national9
    • protagonist’s174
    • social174
  • identity crisis37
  • identity theft26
  • ideological
    • affiliation 9, 144, 146, 160, 168, 193, 208
    • alignment164
    • belief 9, 128
    • differences 146–47, 200
    • discordance 133, 172, 185, 193, 197, 207
    • evaluation 90–91
    • patronage 147, 165, 207
    • significance 50, 172
    • unreliability 193, 196–198, 200, 202
  • ideology 14–15, 75–76, 88–90, 92, 133, 143–44, 146, 185, 192–93, 197–198, 200–202, 206, 208, 210, 213–19
    • author’s 88, 92
    • character’s 92–93
  • imperialism182
  • impersonal 78, 87, 93, 142, 158
  • implied author 71–72, 74–79, 82–83, 89–90, 95–96, 99–100, 110, 131–33, 136–38, 164–65, 168–72, 193, 200, 202–3, 206–10
  • implied reader 31, 71–72, 74, 103, 136–37, 170
  • implied translator 135–39, 141, 143–47, 149, 151, 153, 155–65, 167–69, 172–80, 184–85, 187–89, 191–92, 195–198, 201–2, 207–8
  • I-narrator 36, 74, 76, 79–83, 96, 110–16, 118–19, 123–25, 128–33, 135, 167, 177–78, 180–83, 197–198, 200
  • incoherence 147, 149, 155–56, 160–63, 165, 176–77, 184, 188, 195–97, 199–200, 207
  • incongruities 17, 83, 109, 137, 167, 170, 185, 190, 192, 194–95, 199, 201–2, 208
    • attitudinal197
    • factual188
  • indirect speeches 89–90, 109, 114
  • individualism163
  • intentionality 22, 29
  • interior monologues 95–96, 110, 123, 154
  • internal point of view 25, 90–91
  • interpreters 15, 190
  • interrogatives 57, 115–16, 118, 191–92
  • intertextuality 13, 159
  • intertextual relationship 12–13
  • intervention 110, 115–16, 137, 158, 168, 208
  • I-reflector 36, 81–82, 112
  • ironize 191, 202, 206, 208–9
  • irony 43, 112, 114, 126, 129–32, 167, 170–84, 188–89, 191, 195, 200–202, 206–8
    • speaker-conscious 171, 177
    • speaker-unconscious171
    • translator-conscious 172, 188, 202
    • translator-unconscious 185, 200, 208–9

J

  • Japanese 59–61, 193, 195–97
    • forces 59–60, 193–95
    • Gakuen60
    • invaders 195, 197
    • language 60–61, 197
  • Japanese Occupation 59–60, 140, 193–97
  • Jawad 37–38, 216
  • Jeffries 4, 46–49, 59, 216
  • Jiang Zemin189
  • journalists 5, 15, 24, 75, 139, 144–45, 162, 165, 197, 201–2, 207–8
  • juxtapose 87, 110, 129
  • juxtaposition 43, 78, 111, 113, 118, 124, 176, 198

K

  • Kasabova 31, 216
  • Kermode 27, 216
  • Kiasuism199
  • Kwa Geok Choo 62–63

L

  • language
    • formulaic64
    • journalistic188
    • objective 44, 53
    • ordinary53
    • subjective44
  • Leech and Short 4–5, 41–42, 44–49, 51–52, 57–58, 62, 64, 72–73, 94, 108–10, 114–17, 119–20, 123, 216
  • Lee Hsien Loong 104, 145
  • Lee Kuan Yew 6–7, 10–11, 33, 73–74, 130, 141–42, 164, 216–17
  • Lefevere 6, 135, 139, 143–44, 146, 165, 216–17
  • legitimation 47, 59
  • legitimizing34
  • Lejeune 3, 20, 22–23, 25, 30, 73, 217
  • levels of analysis 67–69, 71–72
  • lexical 48, 53, 59, 64, 152, 157, 163
    • categories 47–48, 53
    • choice 181, 194
    • collocation60
    • features 53, 147–48, 180
  • lexicon 57, 147
  • Lianhe Zaobao 10–11, 213, 217
  • Lim Kim San 116, 129–30, 154, 179
  • lingua franca 7–8, 12
  • linguistic criticism 41, 45, 50, 52–53, 64, 205, 215
  • linguistic indicators of point of view 16, 67, 95–97, 99, 132, 206
  • linguistic instrumentalism 8–9, 15, 56, 64, 128–29, 133, 206
  • linguistic purism130
  • linguistic purist 56, 61
  • linguistics 3, 47, 50–51, 84, 200, 205, 213, 215, 219
  • literariness 22, 26–27, 41–44, 51, 57, 59, 64, 178, 214–15
  • literary criticism 19–20, 30, 36, 38, 205
  • literary critics 19, 33–34, 36–39
  • literary language 4, 42–44

M

  • Malay 8, 12, 59, 81, 115, 150–51, 162, 186, 191–92
  • Malaya 111, 162–63, 173
  • Malay-medium schools 81, 85, 121, 188
  • Malaysia 53–54, 116, 121, 155, 180
  • Mandarin 7–8, 12, 62, 81, 104, 116, 125, 129–30, 140, 146, 150, 161, 179–80, 186, 199
  • Mandel 26, 44, 217
  • manipulation 31, 88, 143, 160, 178, 201, 217
    • school144
    • translator’s 160, 164, 184
  • Marcus 25, 217
  • marginalization 8, 121
  • matriarch187
  • matriarchy 185, 188
  • McIntyre 4, 46–49, 59, 86, 89, 102–3, 216–17
  • mediation 108, 114, 121–23, 129–30
    • narratorial 96, 99, 108
    • narrator’s 87, 100, 104–5, 108, 119–21
    • third-party12
    • translator’s 169, 208
  • memoirs 5–6, 9–10, 14, 20–23, 28, 34, 39, 184, 194, 215–16
  • memories 31–32, 38, 58, 215, 218
  • metaphors 43, 59, 93, 103, 141, 149, 152–53, 163, 199
  • Millán-Varela 4–5, 136–37, 217
  • Milne and Mauzy 183, 197, 200, 217
  • mimesis 99, 108, 111–14, 118, 126, 167
  • mimesis within diegesis 126, 129, 131–32, 206
  • mimetic
    • effect 79, 107, 109, 111, 113–16, 118, 124–25, 130–32
    • quality 108, 112–13, 125, 127, 131, 167, 174, 176–77, 189
  • mind style 90, 92, 95, 218
  • misreading 194–95
  • mistranslation 195, 197, 208
  • modal auxiliaries 115, 118, 190
  • modality 5, 51, 78–79, 92–97, 99, 101, 105–7, 112, 114–15, 124, 132, 169, 189, 206
  • modalization105
  • modes
    • authorial narrator’s78
    • narrator-centred128
    • reflector-character81
    • teller-character81
  • monologues intérieur90
  • monosemic 42–43, 53–54
  • monosemy44
  • Morini 4, 36, 38–39, 81, 217
  • mother tongues 2, 7–8, 73, 141, 150–51, 162, 198–200
  • Mousley 37, 217
  • mouthpiece 79, 110, 171
  • Mukařovský45
  • multilingual 4, 14
  • Munday 4, 138, 217
  • mystifications31
  • mystify 191, 201

N

  • Nantah 7, 9, 12, 119, 122, 149, 156–57, 159–60, 163, 174
  • Nanyang University 12–13, 70, 142, 149, 157, 162, 164
  • naratologists136
  • Narcissism23
  • narratee 71–72, 103, 136, 170
  • narrating 68–69, 80, 94, 99, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121
  • narrating self 80–82, 84, 96, 109
  • narration 89–91, 93, 117, 119–20, 122–23, 125, 127, 129, 131, 133, 167, 169, 189, 191, 197–201
  • narrative-communicative situation 16, 51, 67, 71–72, 74, 83, 100, 103, 121, 133, 135–36, 138, 206, 209, 211
  • narrative psychology 20, 30, 205
  • Narrative Report of Actions. See NRA
  • Narrative Report of Speech Acts. See NRSA
  • Narrative Report of Thought. See NRT
  • Narrative Report of Thought Acts. See NRTA
  • narrative situation 71, 74, 77, 83, 86, 110, 121, 127–28, 131, 133, 136–37, 160, 170, 172, 208
    • hypothetical 83, 96, 169
  • narrative structure 67–71, 80, 96, 100
  • narrative text 68–72, 82, 91, 96, 103
  • narrativity100
  • narrativization 99–101, 104–5, 132, 206
  • narratologist 33, 76–77, 79, 209
  • narratology 2, 5, 76, 136, 209, 213, 215
    • natural 100, 215
  • narrator 31–33, 67–68, 71–83, 85–96, 99–105, 107–10, 112–15, 117–19, 121–26, 128–33, 135–36, 167–72, 176–77, 184–85, 206–9
    • authoritative78
    • covert77
    • disinformed 171, 202
    • embodied87
    • omniscient 86–87, 93
    • overt77
    • retrospective79
    • third-person 73, 93
  • narrator-reader relationship 126, 133, 168
  • narrator’s
    • attitudes 89, 107, 179
    • consciousness 77, 100, 105, 109–10, 118–19, 123–24, 126, 132, 202, 206
  • National Day Rally145
  • nationalist 33–34, 37, 39
  • naturalization 100–101
  • near-synonyms 148, 151, 155–56, 158, 188
  • negation 2, 151, 180, 199
  • Nehru2
  • neoliberalism34
  • neutrality 36, 54, 60–61, 146, 163
  • nominalization 120, 153
  • non-fictional 72–73, 79, 172
  • norms 15, 37–38, 46, 88, 103, 110, 133, 136, 138, 170, 188, 197, 200, 207
    • linguistic 3, 46
    • pragmatic202
    • translational137
  • noun phrase (NP) 49, 54–55, 59–60, 74, 76, 120–21, 142, 151, 153, 156, 178
  • novels 4–5, 20–21, 26, 36, 42–43, 53, 67, 69, 71–72, 76–77, 80, 123, 205
  • NP. See noun phrase
  • NRA (Narrative Report of Actions) 108, 110, 127
  • NRSA (Narrative Report of Speech Acts) 109, 115–16, 118–22
  • NRT (Narrative Report of Thought) 108, 110, 180
  • NRTA (Narrative Report of Thought Acts) 109, 112, 118–21
  • null-subject163

O

  • objectivity 23, 25–30, 36, 39, 44, 54, 59, 70, 81, 205
  • Olney 3, 19–20, 33, 214–218
  • omission 110, 115, 137, 145, 164, 173, 175, 178, 182–83, 188, 192, 195, 202, 207
  • omniscient 25, 78, 87
  • ordinariness 27, 43–44, 64
  • orient 84–85, 113, 145, 159, 169, 173, 184, 192, 197, 201–2, 207–8
  • orientation 20, 51, 94, 122, 137, 143
  • originality 11–12, 35, 143
  • “other” consciousness 167–68, 170–71, 176–77, 184, 190, 197, 201–2, 207
  • “other” voice 3, 6, 135–37, 156–59, 162, 164–65, 167–68, 172, 174, 176, 182–85, 200–202, 207, 209, 211
  • overevaluation 147, 152–53, 155–56, 160, 163, 165, 180, 183, 188, 192, 207
  • overlexicalization 147–49, 151, 156, 158–59, 165, 179–80, 183, 188, 199, 207

P

  • Palmer 110, 117, 217
  • paradox 32, 43, 77, 112
  • paradoxical FDT 110, 119, 123–26, 132
  • paralepsis 87, 123
  • parallelism 37, 43, 46, 60–61, 127, 151–53, 156, 175, 178, 192, 196, 216
  • paraphrase 122, 216
  • paratexts 10, 34, 137–38, 150, 164, 182, 188
  • parentheses 71, 163
  • past tense 78, 81, 104, 115–16, 120–22, 124, 128, 131, 190
  • patronage 143–44, 146
  • patrons 143–44
  • People’s Action Party (PAP) 120, 140, 163, 175
  • Peranakan 7, 140, 142
  • persona 2, 16, 75–76, 99, 119, 131, 168, 214
    • altered 83, 96, 169, 202–3, 205, 207–8
    • glorified76
    • positive 133, 160
    • public25
  • perspective 3–4, 20, 35, 44, 67, 77, 80, 85, 87, 94–95, 102, 126
    • external 84–85, 93, 123, 132
    • internal 84–85, 87, 93
    • psychological31
    • reader’s35
    • translatological5
    • visual 87–88
  • phonology 43, 48
  • phraseological91
  • plot 68–70, 72, 80, 82, 96, 100, 103, 118, 124
  • plurality 29, 43
  • plurisignification88
  • poems 21, 53, 104, 218
  • poetics 143–44, 146–47, 156, 165, 168, 176, 201, 207, 214, 218–19
  • point of view 4, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75–77, 79, 81, 83–95, 97, 206
    • character’s 68, 85, 92–95, 108, 118, 120, 130, 202
    • conceptual89
    • ideological 89, 91–92, 95
    • interest89
    • narrator’s 89–90, 93–94, 96, 126, 130, 167, 169, 184
    • psychological 89, 92–94
    • spatial91
    • spatio-temporal 89, 91
    • temporal91
  • political correctness 162, 164
  • polyphonic110
  • polyphony108
  • polysemic 43, 60, 174
  • polysemy 42, 44, 137, 197
  • Popescu 138, 217
  • position 3, 28, 39, 51, 84–85, 88, 90–92, 102, 114, 119, 127
  • positive image 76, 146, 152, 156, 159–60, 162–65, 180, 182, 201–2, 207–8
  • postulates 12, 14, 19–20, 35, 72, 75, 87
  • pragmatism 64, 219
    • political 9, 128, 133, 197, 200, 206
  • Prague School 3, 41, 45, 64
  • present evaluation 7, 32, 70, 80, 82, 106, 123–24, 128, 131–32, 198, 217
  • present perfect tense 70, 124
  • present tense 104, 110, 112, 123–25, 131
  • process
    • behavioural50
    • existential50
    • material 50, 152, 163
    • mental 50, 118, 120–21, 129, 138–39, 152, 154, 163
    • relational 50, 148
    • verbal 50, 74, 116, 118–19, 159
  • profession 24, 55, 183, 202, 208, 215
  • professionals 143–44, 208
  • pronouns 54, 62–63, 81, 84, 111–12, 114, 116, 118, 121–24, 131, 152–53, 191
  • prose fiction 111, 216
  • protagonist 23–25, 32–33, 73–74, 86–87, 112–13, 115–118, 159–60, 162–65, 174–80, 182, 186–89, 191–92, 194–97, 200–202, 206–7
  • protagonist’s
    • consciousness 100–101, 118, 168, 177, 191, 199
    • point of view 173, 177
  • proverbs 106, 124–25
  • pseudotranslation12
  • psychological impact 47, 55, 119, 125–26, 128
  • psychologists 19, 31, 33, 38–39, 79
  • psycho-narration 110, 125, 131, 154, 176, 198–199

Q

  • quasi-mimetic 100, 126, 128
  • quotation marks 54, 111, 122–23, 145, 173–75, 177, 191

R

  • Raffles College 62, 198
  • Raffles Institution 55, 183, 186, 188
  • reader 31, 33, 35–36, 43, 68–70, 72, 75, 77, 79, 87, 102, 128, 136–37, 170–72, 179
    • implied see implied reader
  • reader’s consciousness 99–102, 105, 115–16, 119, 168
  • readership 9, 30
  • real author 33, 71, 73–76, 79, 82–83, 89, 96, 99, 133, 136, 169, 193, 198, 202–3, 206–7
  • real reader 71, 136
  • récit68
  • referentiality 31, 54
  • reflector 77–78, 84–85, 87, 100, 113, 132
  • relationship
    • author-narrator77
    • inter-textual 139, 142
    • narrator-character 86, 145
  • relationship postulate12
  • reliability 17, 110, 131, 167, 185, 190–92, 198–199, 202, 206–8, 210
  • Renza 23, 28–29, 218
  • reorient 137, 156, 160, 165, 175
  • repetition 46, 56, 58, 61–63, 107, 115–16, 118, 124, 128, 149, 152–53, 156, 163, 192, 199
  • resemblance 27, 69, 90, 123, 150–51, 158, 198
  • resentment 9, 61, 194, 197
  • resistance 9, 60–61, 73, 180, 194, 197, 209
  • retranslation213
  • retrospect 80–82, 198
  • rewriting 6, 135, 139, 143–47, 165, 167, 197, 202, 207–8, 215, 217
    • theory of 144, 146, 165
  • rhetorical
    • devices 38, 47, 59
    • effect 59–61, 112, 124–26, 131, 151
    • functions38
    • value 36, 39, 205
  • rhetorical question 104, 145, 192
  • Rimmon-Kenan88
  • Rosengrant 38, 218
  • Rubin 31, 39, 218
  • Russ 3, 218
  • Russian Formalists 45–46, 68

S

  • SAP. See Special Assistance Plan
  • schema 20, 36, 100–101, 112–13, 118, 124, 131–32
  • schemata 100–101, 104, 114, 126, 132, 175, 206
    • experiencing 100, 114, 116, 129, 131, 175
    • telling122
  • Schiavi 5–6, 79, 135–38, 165, 218
  • Schrauf 31, 39, 218
  • Segal 102–3, 218
  • self 21–23, 30–32, 37, 80, 95–96, 111, 202, 210–11, 214, 218
    • authentic31
    • narrative218
    • second75
  • self-referential 35, 156
  • self-referentiality 137, 162, 182
  • self-reflexiveness137
  • self-reflexivity22
  • self-representation 22, 29, 31, 202
  • self-translation38
  • semantic 6, 48, 58, 89, 142, 159–60, 164, 167, 179, 192, 194, 199, 201
    • ambiguity 163, 174, 177
    • contrast 61, 76, 127–28, 200
    • density 42–44, 57, 59, 151
    • equivalence 146, 157
  • Semino 4, 218
  • sensers 120–21, 152
  • sentence-final particle176
  • sentences
    • complex 56–58, 158, 182, 192
    • declarative 57, 104
    • empty-centred125
    • generic 106, 124
    • gnomic161
    • minor 48, 59, 192
  • sequence 34, 49, 57, 150
    • chronological 44, 58, 70
    • psychological 44, 57–58, 62
    • topic-comment161
  • sequentiality161
  • shifts
    • attitudinal60
    • point of view 2, 17, 168, 172, 185
  • Shklovsky46
  • Short110
  • Simpson 3–4, 84, 94, 106, 111, 218
  • Singapore 5–9, 13–14, 70, 73–74, 141–42, 216
  • Singaporean 7, 104, 115–16, 127, 142, 148, 159, 174, 181
  • Singapore Press Holdings 5, 11, 216
  • Singlish8
  • singularity 27, 213
  • slant 3, 88–90, 95
  • Slater 138, 218
  • Smith 19, 23, 30, 80, 218
  • Smith and Watson 19, 21–22, 24–26, 28–30, 33, 76, 79
  • Smorti 31–32, 64, 79, 218
  • Southeast Asia 106, 121, 149, 155–56
  • Speak Mandarin Campaign 7–8, 13, 70, 129
  • Special Assistance Plan (SAP) 7–8, 13, 70, 127–28, 142, 145
  • speech and thought presentation 51, 96–97, 99, 101, 107–11, 117, 126, 129–32, 159, 169, 173, 206
  • speech presentation 96, 99, 108, 110, 191
  • Stanzel 77–81, 84–88, 90–93, 95–96, 104, 123, 218
  • Starobinski 30, 35–36, 218
  • Stockwell 102–3, 218–19
  • story 19–20, 23, 25, 27, 32–33, 68–69, 73–74, 80, 84, 86, 100, 102–3, 132, 170–72, 214–15
  • story-telling schema 36, 100–101, 168 ; see also schema, schemata
  • story world 77–78, 84, 89
  • Straits Times Press 10, 213, 216
  • structuralists 31, 84
  • style 34–36, 38–39, 41, 46, 50, 77, 92, 110, 130, 146–47, 156, 213–218
  • stylistic 4–6, 33, 36–39, 41, 45, 48, 50–52, 64–65, 84, 88, 126, 130–31, 139, 157, 205
  • stylisticians 4, 35–36, 38, 41, 46, 94
  • stylistics 2–5, 16, 20, 30, 36, 41, 45, 135–36, 139, 165, 169, 205, 209–10, 216, 219
  • subject 21, 24, 32, 59, 68, 77–78, 120, 130, 142–43, 153, 172, 177, 182, 187
    • abstract195
    • extended60
    • grammatical 57–58, 149–50
  • subjectivity 22–23, 25–26, 29–30, 39, 44, 102, 107, 115, 117–118, 124–25, 129, 154, 191–92, 205, 210
    • character’s115
    • narrator’s106
    • speaker’s 105, 132, 169
  • subject matter 20, 27, 105, 144, 168
  • subject-verb-object (SVO) 59, 61
  • subordination 150, 184
  • subversive 121, 155
  • suppress 22, 54, 56, 130, 182
  • surprise 46, 54, 80, 104
  • suspense 60–61, 194
  • Suzhou Industrial Park113
  • SVA structure57
  • SVO (subject-verb-object) 59, 61
  • synchronized publication 9, 13, 208
  • synonyms 28, 148, 199
  • syntactic 6, 44, 47–48, 57, 59, 92, 114, 142, 152, 162–63, 177, 179, 181
    • complexity 57–58
    • contrast 58–59, 64, 116, 118–20, 125, 133, 147, 205
    • foreignness 147, 150, 156, 160, 162, 165, 177, 179, 182, 207
    • iconicity 44, 57–58, 62–63, 128
    • linearity57
    • parallels 160, 194
    • transfer 160, 207
  • syntax 8, 43, 48, 58, 89, 106, 124, 147, 150, 156, 162–63
  • synthesis 41, 67
  • syuzhet68

T

  • Taiwan 115, 191–92
  • Tan Lark Sye 121, 155–56
  • target culture 12, 14–15, 37, 136, 138, 144–46, 175, 183
  • target texts (TT) 12, 137
  • tautology 148–49
  • taxonomies 21, 23, 87, 89, 102, 217
  • teller 77–78, 84, 132, 171, 218
  • teller mode 81, 100
  • temporality 22, 81–82
  • tense 112, 114, 118, 122, 124, 175
  • tense-markers 106–7
  • tense shift122
  • texts
    • homiletical43
    • institutional43
  • third-person narration 30, 72, 92–93
  • thought presentation 51, 96–97, 99, 101, 107–11, 117, 123, 126, 129–32, 159, 169, 173, 206
  • Todorov 68–69, 217, 219
  • Toh Chin Chye 116, 174–75, 179–80
  • Tolstoy21
  • tone 54, 58, 110, 114, 131, 138
    • authoritative 143, 151
    • ironic 54, 56, 109
  • Toolan 4, 76, 94, 111, 114–15, 117, 122, 219
  • Toury 12, 38, 138–39, 210, 219
  • transfer postulate 12, 142
  • transitivity 5, 16, 41, 49–51, 92–93, 95–97, 146–47, 152, 158–60, 162, 205
  • transitivity analysis 50, 52, 147, 156, 165
  • translatability4
  • translated autobiography 2–3, 5, 39, 83, 95, 135, 169, 207, 209
  • translation 2–4, 6, 10–12, 14–17, 37, 39, 135–39, 143, 146, 157, 165, 167, 192, 207–10, 213–19
    • assumed 9, 12–14, 76, 135, 139, 146, 205–6
    • theories 17, 138, 214
  • translation pact 10, 138, 213
  • translation postulates 38, 139, 159
  • translation relationship 6, 10, 138–39, 141, 157
  • translation studies 2–5, 20, 30, 205, 209, 213–15, 217
  • translator 2–5, 10–11, 14–16, 37–39, 135–39, 143–44, 146, 157–60, 169, 174–77, 182–84, 191, 200–203, 207–10, 216–17
    • implied See implied translator
    • real136
    • spirited144
    • unreliable208
  • translator’s
    • behaviour 16, 210
    • consciousness 3, 177
    • intervention 83, 136, 179, 184, 188
    • voice 3–4, 133, 137–38, 205, 215–16
  • Traugott 41, 219
  • trustworthiness 178, 201
  • truth 25–26, 29–32, 39, 44–45, 105–6, 114, 124, 205, 216
  • Tymoczko 37, 39, 219
  • typology of point of view 51, 84, 94

U

  • underlexicalization 53–57, 64, 112, 119, 133, 147, 205
  • ungrammaticality 49, 151, 153, 155
  • universality 208, 210
  • unmediated 9, 36, 112–13
  • unreliability 79, 90, 110, 170–71, 185, 189, 192–94, 200–202, 209, 211
    • attitudinal 133, 189, 202, 207
    • factual 191, 200
    • ideological 171–72
  • unreliable
    • narration 77, 170–72
    • narrator 77, 82, 90–91, 167, 170, 185, 188–89, 193, 195, 202
  • untranslatability137
  • untrustworthiness 170–71
  • Uspensky 4, 51, 84, 88–92, 96, 219

V

  • value-laden expressions 56, 147, 151, 158, 178, 183, 194, 200
  • value systems 127, 152–53
  • van Peer 4, 42–43, 45, 217, 219
  • Venuti 4, 11, 208, 210, 219
  • Verb+Object+Complement195
  • verba sentiendi 92–93, 95–96
  • verbatim 108, 111, 122–23
  • verbs 48, 53–54, 56, 60, 76, 106, 118–19, 122, 141, 152–53
    • catenative106
    • copula153
    • modal 79, 107, 161, 190
  • viewpoint 73, 94, 100, 117, 215
  • Vinay and Darbelnet 6, 219
  • vocabulary 51, 53–56, 92, 125, 145, 147, 161–62
    • objective 55–56, 58
  • voices 2–3, 5, 14, 37, 44, 67, 80, 85–86, 88–89, 95, 109–10, 136, 138–39, 205, 213
    • diegetic 79, 81
    • double93
    • mimetic 79, 81
    • second3
    • translator’s See translator’s voice

W

  • Warner 4, 36, 39, 44, 219
  • Wee Cho Yaw 122, 159
  • Widdowson 4, 219
  • wo-narrator 149, 153–54, 156, 158, 169, 173–75, 180, 182–83, 185, 187–94, 196, 199–201, 207, 209, 211