Subject Index

• abductive instinct47, 181

• abductive reasoning 48, 164, 180–182, 193

• abuse(s)113–114

• Anglo-American pragmatics 2

• apodosis7, 34–35, 57, 216, 235;; see also protasis

• arbitrary sign(s)29–30;; see also motivated sign(s)

• associative (relation)35, 47, 170–172, 178, 180, 193, 215, 264

• associative connection 47

• associative memory 170

• associative reasoning47, 193

• autonomy of syntax hypothesis17;; see also Autonomy of Syntax Principle

• Autonomy of Syntax Principle235–236

• background assumption(s)53–54, 59

• background information59–60

• breach of commitment 14

• calculability84, 89–90, 107

• cancelability84–85, 107, 264

• cancelable5, 68, 84–86, 88, 92, 97, 159, 248

• cancelation57, 85–86, 88, 238

• cardinal numbers 5

• code model (of communication)63–65

• coherence4 ,8–9, 264

• conceptual contiguity 172

• conceptual frame110, 138, 1461, 153, 168, 170–172, 182, 193, 195, 2013, 261, 264

• conceptual scale 70

• conceptually contiguous33, 35

• conditional clause34, 201, 216–217

• conditionality53–54, 59, 131

• consequent clause7, 34, 57, 201, 216

• constituent order22–24, 124–125, 237–238;; see also word order

• constitutive rule115, 117;; see also regulative rule(s)

• conventional implicature83–84

• conventional sign25, 29–30

• conventionalism22;; see also naturalism

• conversational implicature65, 68–70, 83–91, 103–107, 113, 141, 163, 182, 238, 248

• Cooperative Principle68–70, 75, 80

• cultural model11, 18, 39–40, 110, 151

• culture/language-specific implicatures104–105

• declarative sentence, 11, 197, 240

• deductive reasoning 43–45

• defeasibility45, 46, 48, 72, 84–86, 103, 104, 107;; see also cancelability

• defeasible46, 48, 68, 79, 84, 86, 88, 89, 93, 100, 174, 188, 199:; see also cancelable

• deictic12, 26

• deixis 12

• demotivation 41

• direct causation 37

• direct illocutionary act196–197;; see also direct speech act

• direct speech act 96

• direction of fit118–121

• embodiment18, 28, 39

• entailment43, 48–49, 51–53, 58, 61, 63, 68, 71, 77, 83, 86–87, 90, 93, 95–96, 100, 103–104, 107, 139, 151, 153, 156–159, 168, 173–175, 188, 198–199, 203, 231, 237, 264

• epistemic qualification53–54, 59

• European Continental tradition (of pragmatics) 2

• expert model 111

• explicit performative utterance126, 196–197, 205, 225, 233

• factive verb 200

• felicity condition116–117, 121, 128, 264

• flouting70, 74

• folk model39, 40, 109–111

• frame59, 146, 149, 151, 153, 155, 158, 160, 162, 168, 170–172, 182, 193, 213, 223, 246, 264;; see also conceptual frame

• frame semantics 146

• GCI68, 85, 88, 92, 104

• generalized conversational implicature68, 84, 87;; see also GCI

• generative grammar16–17, 28, 48, 235, 239–240

• Gricean maxim69–70, 77–78, 81;; see also maxim

• hedged performative126, 196, 202, 208, 220, 224, 230, 232

• Horn scale70, 71, 77, 91

• I-principle 78

• icon26, 47

• iconic principle37, 104;; see also iconicity

• iconic relation26, 30, 37, 104, 139, 147, 153, 160, 170, 263–264;; see also iconicity

• iconicity153, 250–251

• illocutionary act110–119, 125, 128, 133, 135, 192, 216, 219, 231, 233

• illocutionary force116–117, 121–127, 164, 187, 192, 195–197, 201–202, 207, 219–220, 225

• illocutionary meaning13, 126, 213, 264

• illocutionary point118–121

• illocutionary scenario(s) 110, 128–129, 131, 137–138, 192, 195–198, 205, 208, 213, 215, 222–223

• imperative sentence10, 196, 231

• implicature(s)9–11, 13, 17, 62–63, 65–66, 68–70–76, 78–79, 83–93, 100, 102–107, 113, 139–142, 147–149, 151, 159, 163, 168, 174, 182–183, 199, 204, 238–239, 248, 250, 261, 264–265

• index12, 26, 113, 146, 170, 174, 177, 223, 246, 251, 257

• indirect causation 37

• indirect illocutionary act 79, 138, 192–193, 195, 197, 213, 215, 233, 264;; see also indirect speech act

• indirect request3,61, 79, 191–192, 216–217, 222

• indirect speech act38, 192, 195–196, 203, 273;; see also indirect illocutionary act

• inductive reasoning 46

• infelicity/infelicitous94, 100, 109, 113, 122, 132, 249

• inferential model of communication63–65

• inferential motivation21, 42–43

• insubordination 216

• interrogativesentence 10, 53, 118, 125, 196, 206, 210, 217, 222, 224, 239–240, 242

• interrogativity53–54, 59

• invited inference3, 9, 10

• language-independent factors of motivation37, 42

• Law of Least Effort 79

• linguistic source 7

• linguistic target 7

• linguistic vehicle146, 163, 166, 168, 170–171, 179, 181–184, 186–187, 195, 201, 207, 231–233

• literal meaning3, 39, 140–142, 146, 165, 192, 196, 218, 248–249;; see also literal sense

• literal sense140, 143, 159, 181, 183, 218

• locutionary act 111

• logical conjunction5, 11, 46, 48

• logical connective6, 11, 76, 255

• logical disjunction 6

• M-principle 78

• Malagasy society 81

• Malagasy speakers 81

• Maxim of Relation74–75, 79–80;; see also Maxim of Relevance

• Maxim of Relevance 74

• Maxims of Manner75, 79, 93

• Maxims of Quality73–74, 77, 140

• Maxims of Quantity70, 73, 77–79, 81

• meaning-in-context18–19, 42

• meaning-in-use1–2, 10, 42

• mental organ 16

• metonymic inference92, 164–167, 174–175, 183, 188, 190, 197, 200–202, 207

• misfire(s)113–114

• modus ponens44–45, 90

• modus tollens 44

• motivated sign(s)25, 32

• naturalism22;; see also conventionalism

• NECI53–55, 57, 59, 61, 89

• negation 44, 50–55, 57–59, 71, 78, 89, 91, 238, 243

• new information35, 60–61, 63, 80–81, 91, 93, 96, 101–104, 107, 202

• non-cancelable45, 76, 97;; see also indefeasible

• non-codability85, 90, 107

• non-conventionalsign25, 29, 33, 83–84, 90

• non-detachability84, 88;; see also non-detachable

• non-detachable88–89

• non-truth conditional meaning12–13

• old information60, 63;; see also background information

• onomatopoeic words26, 30, 32

• particularized conversational implicature68;; see also PCI

• PCI68, 86

• performative verbs124–125;; see also performatives

• performatives126, 196–197, 202, 220, 224, 226, 228–229

• perlocutionary act111–112

• phatic act111–112

• phonetic act 111

• polysemy35–36, 185, 205

• predicating 111–112

• presupposition 43, 48, 51–61, 63, 68, 83, 86–90, 93, 100–104, 107, 114, 120, 133, 139, 151, 156–160, 168, 200, 223, 225, 259, 264

• Principle of Relevance79–80

• propositional act111–112

• propositional content35, 55, 116–127, 129–132, 136, 164, 187, 192, 196, 199–205, 207–208, 211–212, 218, 221–222, 238

• protasis 7, 34–35, 57–58, 216

• psychological state119–121

• Q-principle77–79

• R-principle79–80

• reasonableness condition 217

• referring111–112, 176

• regulative rule(s)115, 117

• reinforceability 85, 90–91, 93–94, 100, 103–104, 107

• reinforcement90–91, 93, 103, 264

• relative motivation 24

• Relevance Theory63–64, 77, 79–80, 141–142, 263

• rhetic act111–112

• satisfaction condition 10

• semiotic system 17

• signified24, 26, 29–30, 144

• signifier24, 26, 29–30

• sincerity condition30, 73, 117, 119–120, 128–129, 198, 219, 223

• statement3, 5, 7, 12–13, 18, 59, 71–72, 74, 83, 86, 92, 100, 116, 125, 143, 154, 168, 184, 188, 197–198, 206, 213, 227

• suspendability72, 84–85, 107, 264

• syllogism44–45, 47

• symbol22, 29–30;; see also symbolic sign

• symbolic sign25–26

• symptom26, 41, 157, 171, 177;; see also index

• topic continuity 8

• truth condition7–9, 10–11, 13–14, 49, 83, 262;; see also truth-conditional approach (to meaning)

• truth value4–13, 44, 49–52, 58, 119, 197, 201, 245, 262

• truth-conditional approach4–5, 8

• universal grammatical principles17, 239

• universal implicatures84, 104–105

• universal language 22

• universal quantifier45–48

• unmotivated (signs) 24–25, 29–30, 33, 42, 263 ;; see also arbitrary sign

• utterance act111–112

• verbs of judging 55

• violation of the CSC240, 242, 244, 265

• visual perception 38

• what is implicated4, 14, 63, 66–68, 83;; see also what is said

• what is said 4, 9, 13–14, 63, 66–68, 75–76, 78, 84–85

• word order22–24, 34, 125, 236–237, 265, 271, 278;; see also constituent order