Theories of visual and linguistic metaphor
Visual metaphor in extended conceptual metaphor theory
My goal in the paper is to examine a variety of visual experiences that appear to evoke visual metaphors. This is a range of experience types that extends from “sign-like” visual experiences to “non-sign-like” visual experiences. I propose that visual metaphors are evoked by paintings through winner’s podiums all the way to cityscapes and scenes in nature. The latter two (non-sign-like) cases, cityscapes and natural scenes, are not commonly subjected to serious examination from a CMT perspective. However, they provide us with new challenges in the study of visual metaphors, since they greatly extend the range of visual experience that might give rise to visual metaphors. I suggest, further, that the comprehension or interpretation of all of these visual experiences, including sign-like and non-sign-like alike, makes use of the same metaphorical processing mechanisms. The visual metaphors that are evoked by visual experiences can be based either on correlations or resemblance.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Two kinds of visual metaphors
- 2.1Correlation-based visual metaphors in the real world
- 2.2Resemblance-based visual metaphors in the real world
- 3.How some new extensions of CMT apply to visual metaphors
- 3.1Extended CMT and the analysis of a painting
- 3.1.1Complex abstract system
- 3.1.2Abstract movement
- 4.Conclusions
- Notes
-
References
References (17)
Cienki, Alan and Cornelia Müller
2008 Metaphor, gesture, and thought. In
Raymond Gibbs, ed.,
The Cambridge handbook of metaphor and thought, 483–501. New York: Cambridge University Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Dancygier, Barbara and Eve Sweetser
2014 Figurative language. New York: Cambridge University Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
El Refaie, Elisabeth
2019 Visual metaphor and embodiment in graphic illness narratives. New York: Oxford University Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Forceville, Charles
1996 Pictorial metaphor in advertising. London: Routledge.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Forceville, Charles
2008 Metaphor in pictures and multimodal representations. In
Raymond Gibbs, ed.,
The Cambridge handbook of metaphor and thought, 462–482. New York: Cambridge University Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Forceville, Charles
2016 Pictorial and multimodal metaphor. In
N-M. Klug and
H. Stöckl, eds.,
Handbuch Sprache im multimodalen Kontext, 241–260. Berlin: De Gruyter.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Forceville, Charles and Eduardo Urios-Aparisi
eds. 2009 Multimodal metaphor. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kövecses, Zoltán
2002/2010 Metaphor. A practical introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kövecses, Zoltán
2010 A new look at metaphorical creativity in cognitive linguistics.
Cognitive Linguistics. 21/41, 663–697.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kövecses, Zoltán
2015 Where metaphors come from. Reconsidering context in metaphor. New York: Oxford University Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kövecses, Zoltán
2017 Levels of metaphor.
Cognitive Linguistics, 28(2), 321–347.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kövecses, Zoltán
2020a Extended conceptual metaphor theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kövecses, Zoltán
2020b Sensing the city: Budapest through its metaphors. In
R. Digonnet and
S. Beligon, eds.
Manifestations sensorielles des urbanités contemporaines. Berlin: Peter Lang.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lakoff, George
1993 The contemporary theory of metaphor. In
A. Ortony, ed.,
Metaphor and thought. New York: Cambridge University Press.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson
1980 Metaphors we live by. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Langacker, Ronald
1987 Foundations of cognitive grammar. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Cited by (2)
Cited by 2 other publications
Mo, Yongyi, Rong Zhou & Xi Chen
2022.
The effect of incongruous contextual cues on pictorial metaphor processing.
Frontiers in Psychology 13
![DOI logo](//benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 4 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.