Chapter 2.The post-Yugoslav context: Intellectuals and nations in transition
9
2.1Origins and crisis of the Yugoslav project
9
2.2(Post-)Yugoslav transition: The unique trajectory of intellectuals from Yugoslavism to
ethno-nationalism
15
2.2.1Post-communist transition in Europe: Intellectuals from a position of primacy to
marginalisation
15
2.2.2Uncovering the Yugoslav ‘paradox’
17
2.3Unfinished transition: Contemporary challenges facing post-Yugoslav societies
23
2.3.1Post-communist transition: An unfinished process
23
2.3.2The post-conflict situation
25
2.3.3Democratisation and European integration
27
2.3.4Transition and its (social) discontents
31
Chapter 3.Intellectuals and nation-building: An interdisciplinary critical discourse-analytical approach
35
3.1Intellectuals and discourse: A complex relationship
35
3.1.1Towards a definition of ‘the intellectual’
36
3.1.2Intellectual spokespersonship between positioning and
discourse
39
3.2Spokespersonship for the nation: Intellectuals as nation-makers
42
3.2.1The modern intellectual as a ‘nation-maker’
42
3.2.2Intellectuals and nation-building in the contemporary world
46
3.3The representation of the nation in public discourse
50
3.3.1The discursive representation of the nation: Macro-topics
51
3.4Intellectual spokespersonship for the nation: A framework for critical discourse analysis
56
3.4.1The Discourse-Historical Approach to critical discourse
studies
56
3.4.2A framework for the analysis of intellectual spokespersonship for the
nation
58
3.5Design of the research
68
3.5.1First step: Opinion pieces as an arena for intellectual debate
69
3.5.2Second step: Selecting the case studies
70
3.5.3Third step: Selecting representative newspapers and magazines
73
3.5.4Fourth step: Creation of the data sample
76
3.5.5Overview of the final samples for the three case studies
79
Chapter 4.Serbia: The aftermath of the declaration of independence of Kosovo in
2008
87
4.1Strategies of construction of the intellectual self
87
4.1.1Construction of the intellectual self, based on engagement and
attitude
87
4.1.2Construction of the intellectual self, based on knowledge and
expertise
91
4.1.3Construction of the intellectual self, based on status and
membership
95
4.2Strategies of intellectual spokespersonship for the nation
98
4.2.1The intellectual as political guide for the nation
99
4.2.2The intellectual as educator/emancipator of the nation
104
4.2.3The intellectual as promoter/defender of the nation’s values and
distinctive character
107
4.3The discursive representation of Serbia as a nation
108
4.3.1Serbian society as being in a chronic state of crisis
108
4.3.2Serbia as a deeply divided society
111
4.3.3Serbia as weak and isolated on the international stage
113
4.3.4Serbia as a nation driven by its historical and mythical past
117
Chapter 5.Croatia’s accession into the European Union in 2013
121
5.1Strategies of construction of the intellectual self
121
5.1.1Construction of the intellectual self, based on engagement and
attitude
121
5.1.2Construction of the intellectual self, based on knowledge and
expertise
125
5.2Strategies of intellectual spokespersonship for the nation
131
5.2.1The intellectual as political guide for the nation
131
5.2.2The intellectual as promoter/defender of the nation’s values and
distinctive character
137
5.2.3The intellectual as educator/emancipator of the nation
140
5.3The discursive representation of Croatia as a nation
144
5.3.1The uniqueness and specificity of Croatian identity
144
5.3.2European integration as a chance for Croatia to achieve social and
political consensus?
147
5.3.3The controversial narrative of Croatia’s ‘return to Europe’: A break away from the Yugoslav legacy and the Balkans, or rather a
new role in the region?
150
5.3.4Croatia and the EU: From dependency to equal partnership
154
Chapter 6.Bosnia and Herzegovina: The 2014 anti-government protests
157
6.1Strategies of construction of the intellectual self
157
6.1.1Construction of the intellectual self, based on engagement and
attitude
157
6.1.2Construction of the intellectual self, based on knowledge and
expertise
160
6.1.3Construction of the intellectual self, based on status and
membership
164
6.2Strategies of intellectual spokespersonship for the nation
170
6.2.1The intellectual as political guide for the nation
171
6.2.2The intellectual as emancipator/educator of the nation
177
6.3The discursive representation of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a
nation
178
6.3.1Bosnia and Herzegovina as a dysfunctional society facing an uncertain
future
179
6.3.2Bosnia and Herzegovina as a political community dominated by corrupt
elites
181
6.3.3Bosnia and Herzegovina as a nation marked by a deep divide between
the people and the elites
184
6.3.4The increasingly contested hegemony of the ethno-political
paradigm
187
Chapter 7.Patterns of intellectual spokespersonship for the nation in contemporary
Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina
193
7.1Serbia’s intellectuals: Still ‘saviours’ of a nation in crisis
193
7.2Croatia’s intellectuals: Redefining the nation’s role in an integrating Europe
199
7.3Bosnia and Herzegovina’s intellectuals: Seeking a pivotal role in the country’s ongoing social
transformation
204