This study builds on the proposition that there are six developmental stages for spoken L2 French, based on morpho-syntactic criteria (Bartning and Schlyter 2004). In order to investigate developmental stages ‘beyond stage 6’, oral productions of several groups of advanced learners/users and native speakers are analyzed in terms of resources and obstacles. Among the resources, we investigate expected late features such as formulaic language and elaboration of information structure (Forsberg 2008; Hancock 2007). Morpho-syntactic deviances (MSDs), i.e. obstacles are also investigated. MSDs are expected to be almost absent beyond stage 6 (von Stutterheim 2003). Surprisingly, they continue to be present even at these very high levels. The results also show that formulaic language and information structure are promising measures of high levels, although the latter did not yield significant differences compared to lower stages. The study concludes by the proposal of a transitional stage with L2 users called functional bilinguals, which would constitute a stage between the advanced learner and the near-native speaker.
2021. Input Issues in the Development of L2 French Morphosyntax. Languages 6:1 ► pp. 34 ff.
Lee, Binna & Diana Van Lancker Sidtis
2020. Subcortical Involvement in Formulaic Language: Studies on Bilingual Individuals With Parkinson's Disease. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63:12 ► pp. 4029 ff.
2017. A concept-oriented analysis of future-time reference in native and near-native Hexagonal French. Journal of French Language Studies 27:3 ► pp. 381 ff.
Higby, Eve & Loraine K. Obler
2016. Length of residence. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 6:1-2 ► pp. 43 ff.
Lahmann, Cornelia, Rasmus Steinkrauss & Monika S. Schmid
2016. Factors Affecting Grammatical and Lexical Complexity of Long‐Term L2 Speakers’ Oral Proficiency. Language Learning 66:2 ► pp. 354 ff.
Lahmann, Cornelia, Rasmus Steinkrauss & Monika S. Schmid
2019. Measuring linguistic complexity in long‐term L2 speakers of English and L1 attriters of German. International Journal of Applied Linguistics 29:2 ► pp. 173 ff.
O’BRIEN, MARY GRANTHAM & CAROLINE FÉRY
2015. Dynamic localization in second language English and German. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 18:3 ► pp. 400 ff.
Edmonds, Amanda
2014. CONVENTIONAL EXPRESSIONS. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 36:1 ► pp. 69 ff.
Edmonds, Amanda & Aarnes Gudmestad
2014. Your Participation Isgreatly/highlyAppreciated: Amplifier Collocations in L2 English. The Canadian Modern Language Review 70:1 ► pp. 76 ff.
LUNDELL, FANNY FORSBERG, INGE BARTNING, HUGUES ENGEL, ANNA GUDMUNDSON, VICTORINE HANCOCK & CHRISTINA LINDQVIST
2014. Beyond advanced stages in high-level spoken L2 French. Journal of French Language Studies 24:2 ► pp. 255 ff.
Lundell, Fanny Forsberg
2013. ¿Qué significa ‘pasar por nativo’? Un estudio exploratorio sobre la actuación oral de usuarios muy avanzados de español y francés como segundas lenguas. Studia Neophilologica 85:1 ► pp. 89 ff.
2012. ON THE ROLE OF LINGUISTIC CONTEXTUAL FACTORS FOR MORPHOSYNTACTIC STABILIZATION IN HIGH-LEVEL L2 FRENCH. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 34:2 ► pp. 243 ff.
Ringbom, Håkan
2012. Review of recent applied linguistics research in Finland and Sweden, with specific reference to foreign language learning and teaching. Language Teaching 45:4 ► pp. 490 ff.
Lindqvist, Christina, Camilla Bardel & Anna Gudmundson
2011. Lexical richness in the advanced learner's oral production of French and Italian L2. IRAL - International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching 49:3
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 6 september 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
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