A multitude of “lishes”
The nomenclature of hybridity
James Lambert | National Institute of Education, Singapore
The present paper deals with portmanteau terms based on the word
English, the bulk of which form a varied and extensive
nomenclature used to describe hybrids of the English language with other
languages. A citation database of over 3,500 entries was created containing 510
separate terms dating from the early 20th century to mid-2016. These figures
indicate a widespread interest in the ways in which English hybridises with
other languages and becomes localised in various parts of the globe. The results
also show a trend of continuing increase in the coining of such terms to be
expected in an increasingly globalised world. However, to date there has been no
exhaustive examination of names for English-language hybrids. The present paper
examines these portmanteau terms with regard to semantics, etymology, history,
frequency, and pronunciation, and presents an alphabetical table of the complete
set of terms in the Appendix.
Keywords: World Englishes, language hybridity, portmanteau terms, blends, “lishes”, etymology, terminology
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Methodology
- 3.Results and discussion
- 3.1Semantics
- 3.2Etymology
- 3.3History
- 3.4Frequency
- 3.5Pronunciation
- 4.Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
-
References
This article is currently available as a sample article.
Published online: 01 February 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/eww.00001.lam
https://doi.org/10.1075/eww.00001.lam
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