Fiona Tweedie | School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh
Johnston (1997) suggests that, if defined in terms of phonology, Scots as a traditional dialect in Britain has a “rosy future”. Glaswegian is known to continue Scots L‑vocalization in words such as ball and all. L‑vocalization of a different type, similar to that found in Cockney, is one feature which has been observed to be diffusing rapidly across accents of English. This paper considers the evidence for these two distinct processes of L‑vocalization in Glaswegian, drawing on empirical evidence from two corpora of Glaswegian collected in the early 1980s and late 1990s. The results from the later corpus confirm the vigorous maintenance of the Scots l‑vocalization, but at the same time provide clear indications of the incorporation of innovative L‑vocalization. Our findings confirm that at the phonological level at least, the Urban Scots of Glaswegian youngsters is both conservative and innovative.
2017. Ethnicity and phonetic variation in Sheffield English liquids. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 47:1 ► pp. 17 ff.
Lawson, Robert
2011. Patterns of linguistic variation among Glaswegian adolescent males1. Journal of Sociolinguistics 15:2 ► pp. 226 ff.
MacFarlane, Andrew E. & Jane Stuart-Smith
2012. ‘One of them sounds sort of Glasgow Uni-ish’. Social judgements and fine phonetic variation in Glasgow. Lingua 122:7 ► pp. 764 ff.
Maguire, Warren, April McMahon, Paul Heggarty & Dan Dediu
2010. The past, present, and future of English dialects: Quantifying convergence, divergence, and dynamic equilibrium. Language Variation and Change 22:1 ► pp. 69 ff.
Nance, Claire
2014. Phonetic variation in Scottish Gaelic laterals. Journal of Phonetics 47 ► pp. 1 ff.
Nycz, Jennifer
2020. English Phonetics. In The Handbook of English Linguistics, ► pp. 323 ff.
Scobbie, James M. & Marianne Pouplier
2010. The role of syllable structure in external sandhi: An EPG study of vocalisation and retraction in word-final English /l/. Journal of Phonetics 38:2 ► pp. 240 ff.
Smith, Jennifer & Mercedes Durham
2019. Sociolinguistic Variation in Children's Language,
Stuart-Smith, Jane
2014. No longer an elephant in the room. Journal of Sociolinguistics 18:2 ► pp. 250 ff.
2007. ?Talkin' Jockney?? Variation and change in Glaswegian accent. Journal of Sociolinguistics 11:2 ► pp. 221 ff.
Szalay, Tünde, Titia Benders, Felicity Cox & Michael Proctor
2022. Reconsidering lateral vocalisation: Evidence from perception and production of Australian English /l/. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152:4 ► pp. 2106 ff.
Tabain, Marija, Andrew Butcher, Gavan Breen & Richard Beare
2016. An acoustic study of multiple lateral consonants in three Central Australian languages. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 139:1 ► pp. 361 ff.
Thomas, Erik R.
2016. Sociophonetics of Consonantal Variation. Annual Review of Linguistics 2:1 ► pp. 95 ff.
Tsukada, Kimiko & Thu T. A. Nguyn
2010. Identification of Vietnamese Final Stops: Northern Dialect Speakers' Perception of Native and Non-Native Stops. Asia Pacific Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing 13:4 ► pp. 201 ff.
Watt, Dominic, Carmen Llamas & Daniel Ezra Johnson
2010. Levels of Linguistic Accommodation across a National Border. Journal of English Linguistics 38:3 ► pp. 270 ff.
[no author supplied]
2013. Reference Guide for Varieties of English. In A Dictionary of Varieties of English, ► pp. 363 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 18 may 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.