Article published In:
English World-WideVol. 34:3 (2013) ► pp.253–278
The World System of Englishes
Accounting for the transnational importance of mobile and mediated vernaculars
Contact between and mutual influences among varieties of standard and non-standard English have always been a central concern in research on World Englishes. In a mobile and globalising world such contacts are by no means restricted to diffusion of features in face-to-face interaction, across contiguous territories in space or up and down the sociolinguistic scale. In order to better represent and understand the complex relationships obtaining between varieties of standard and non-standard English in the contemporary “English language complex” (McArthur 2003: 56; Mesthrie and Bhatt 2008: 1–3), the present paper proposes a new theoretical model, based on language systems theory (de Swaan 2002, 2010). While the model is not designed to supersede existing alternatives, such as the Kachruvian (1982) Circles, it will nevertheless complement them in important ways, chiefly because it is better equipped to handle uses of English in domains beyond the post-colonial nation state. The “World System of Englishes” model was developed in the course of the author’s work on the use of pidgins and creoles in web forums serving the post-colonial West African and Caribbean diasporas. The way Nigerian Pidgin figures in the creation of a globalised digital ethnolinguistic repertoire will hence serve as an illustration of its usefulness.
Cited by
Cited by 147 other publications
Balasubramanian, Chandrika
2022. World Englishes in the EFL Classroom: The Reality. In World Englishes, Global Classrooms, ► pp. 3 ff. 
Bednarek, Monika
2018. Language and Television Series,
Bernaisch, Tobias, Stefan Th. Gries & Benedikt Heller
2022. Theoretical models and statistical modelling of linguistic epicentres. World Englishes 41:3 ► pp. 333 ff.
Bohmann, Axel
2019. Variation in English Worldwide,
Bolander, Brook
2019. World Englishes and Transnationalism. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 676 ff.
Bolander, Brook
2020. English on Social Media. In The Handbook of English Linguistics, ► pp. 569 ff.
Bolton, Kingsley & Christopher Jenks
2022. World Englishes and English for specific purposes (ESP). World Englishes 41:4 ► pp. 495 ff.
Bonnet, Andreas & Peter Siemund
2018. Introduction. In Foreign Language Education in Multilingual Classrooms [Hamburg Studies on Linguistic Diversity, 7], ► pp. 1 ff.
Brato, Thorsten
2018. ‘Outdooring’ the Historical Corpus of English in Ghana. English Today 34:2 ► pp. 25 ff.
Brato, Thorsten
2019. Chapter 1.5. The historical corpus of English in Ghana (HiCE Ghana). In Corpus Linguistics and African Englishes [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 88], ► pp. 120 ff.
Buregeya, Alfred
2022. How real has the long-anticipated fast-growing influence of American English on Kenyan English been?. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 43:2 ► pp. 192 ff.
Buschfeld, Sarah
2018. Elena Seoane and Cristina Suárez-Gómez (eds.), World Englishes: New theoretical and methodological considerations (Varieties of English Around the World G57). Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2016. Pp. viii + 285. ISBN 9789027249173.. English Language and Linguistics 22:3 ► pp. 546 ff.
Buschfeld, Sarah & Alexander Kautzsch
2019. Theoretical Models of English as a World Language. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 51 ff.
Buschfeld, Sarah, Alexander Kautzsch & Edgar W. Schneider
2018. From colonial dynamism to current transnationalism. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 15 ff.
Collins, Peter
2023. Modals and Quasi-Modals in English World-Wide. Journal of English Linguistics 51:3 ► pp. 265 ff.
Collins, Peter
2023. Grammatical variation in World Englishes. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 44:2 ► pp. 184 ff.
Collins, Peter
2024. Variation in world Englishes through the lens of negation. World Englishes 43:1 ► pp. 47 ff.
Collins, Peter Craig
2022. Comment markers in world Englishes. World Englishes 41:2 ► pp. 244 ff.
Davydova, Julia
2019. Quotative like in the Englishes of the Outer and Expanding Circles. World Englishes 38:4 ► pp. 578 ff.
Deshors, Sandra C.
2018. Modeling World Englishes in the 21st century. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 1 ff.
Deshors, Sandra C. & Gaëtanelle Gilquin
2018. Modeling World Englishes in the 21st century. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 281 ff.
Deshors, Sandra C. & Stefan Th. Gries
2016. Profiling verb complementation constructions across New Englishes. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 21:2 ► pp. 192 ff.
Deshors, Sandra C. & Sandra Götz
2020. Common ground across globalized English varieties: A multivariate exploration of mental predicates in World Englishes. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 16:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Deuber, Dagmar, Stephanie Hackert, Eva Canan Hänsel, Alexander Laube, Mahyar Hejrani & Catherine Laliberté
2022. The Norm Orientation of English in the Caribbean. American Speech 97:3 ► pp. 265 ff.
Driessche, Laetitia Van
2020. Review of Hansen (2018): Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics: A Study of Variation and Change in the Modal Systems of World Englishes. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 41:3 ► pp. 377 ff.
Dubravac, Vildana, Amna Brdarević‐Čeljo & Senad Bećirović
2018. The English of Bosnia and Herzegovina. World Englishes 37:4 ► pp. 635 ff.
Evans, Stephen
2015. Word-formation in Hong Kong English: diachronic and synchronic perspectives. Asian Englishes 17:2 ► pp. 116 ff.
Evans, Stephen
2016. Introduction: Exploring the Diffusion and Diversification of English. In The English Language in Hong Kong, ► pp. 1 ff.
Farquharson, Joseph T.
2015. The Black Man’s Burden? – Language and Political Economy in a Diglossic State and Beyond. Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 63:2 ► pp. 157 ff.
Farquharson, Joseph T.
2017. Linguistic ideologies and the historical development of language use patterns in Jamaican music. Language & Communication 52 ► pp. 7 ff.
Funke, Nina
2022. Pragmatic nativisation of thanking in South Asian Englishes. World Englishes 41:2 ► pp. 136 ff.
Gerfer, Anika
2018. Global reggae and the appropriation of Jamaican Creole. World Englishes 37:4 ► pp. 668 ff.
Gerfer, Anika
2022. Tobias Bernaisch (ed.). Gender in World Englishes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. xv, 235 pp. ISBN: 978-1-108-48254-7. ICAME Journal 46:1 ► pp. 33 ff.
Gilquin, Gaëtanelle
2018. American and/or British influence on L2 Englishes – Does context tip the scale(s)?. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 187 ff.
Gilquin, Gaëtanelle
2022. Diachronic learner corpus research. In Broadening the Spectrum of Corpus Linguistics [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 105], ► pp. 40 ff.
Gries, Stefan Th., Tobias Bernaisch & Benedikt Heller
2018. A corpus-linguistic account of the history of the genitive alternation in Singapore English. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 245 ff.
Götz, Sandra
2022. Epicentral influences of Indian English on Nepali English. World Englishes 41:3 ► pp. 347 ff.
Hackert, Stephanie
2022. The epicentre model and American influence on Bahamian Englishes. World Englishes 41:3 ► pp. 361 ff.
Hackert, Stephanie & Diana Wengler
2022. Recent Grammatical Change in Postcolonial Englishes: A Real-time Study of Genitive Variation in Caribbean and Indian News Writing. Journal of English Linguistics 50:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Hansen, Beke
2020. Localisation, Globalisation and Gender in Discourse-Pragmatic Variation in Ghanaian English. In Gender in World Englishes, ► pp. 23 ff.
Hansen, Beke
2021. Sandra C. Deshors(ed.), Modeling World Englishes: Assessing the interplay of emancipation and globalization of ESL varieties (Varieties of English Around the World G61). Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2018. Pp. x + 297. ISBN 9789027201232.. English Language and Linguistics 25:1 ► pp. 217 ff.
Heyd, Theresa
2014. Doing race and ethnicity in a digital community: Lexical labels and narratives of belonging in a Nigerian web forum. Discourse, Context & Media 4-5 ► pp. 38 ff.
HEYD, THERESA
2015. The metacommunicative lexicon of Nigerian Pidgin. World Englishes 34:4 ► pp. 669 ff.
Heyd, Theresa
2023. Complicating the field. In New Englishes, New Methods [Varieties of English Around the World, G68], ► pp. 243 ff.
Horch, Stephanie
2019. Complementing corpus analysis with web-based experimentation in research on World Englishes. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 40:1 ► pp. 25 ff.
Huang, Zeping & Gavin Bui
2019. Lexical bundles in conversation across Englishes. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 40:3 ► pp. 299 ff.
Hundt, Marianne
2018. It is time that this (should) be studied across a broader range of Englishes. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 217 ff.
Hundt, Marianne
2021. On models and modelling. World Englishes 40:3 ► pp. 298 ff.
Hundt, Marianne, Laetitia Van Driessche & Dirk Pijpops
2022. Epicentral influence via agent‐based modelling. World Englishes 41:3 ► pp. 377 ff.
Hänsel, Eva Canan & Dagmar Deuber
2019. The interplay of the national, regional, and global in standards of English. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 40:3 ► pp. 241 ff.
Hänsel, Eva Canan & Philipp Meer
2023. Comparing attitudes toward Caribbean, British, and American accents in Trinidad and Tobago, the United Kingdom, and the United States. World Englishes 42:1 ► pp. 130 ff.
Isingoma, Bebwa & Christiane Meierkord
2016. Ugandan English - challenges to, and food for, current theories. In Ugandan English [Varieties of English Around the World, G59], ► pp. 1 ff.
JAMES, ALLAN
2016. From code‐mixing to mode‐mixing in the European context. World Englishes 35:2 ► pp. 259 ff.
Jansen, Lisa & Michael Westphal
2017. Rihanna Works Her Multivocal Pop Persona: A Morpho-syntactic and Accent Analysis of Rihanna's Singing Style. English Today 33:2 ► pp. 46 ff.
Kirk, John
2022. Irish English as a World English. Frontiers in Communication 7
Kirk, John & Gerald Nelson
2018. The International Corpus of English project: A progress report. World Englishes 37:4 ► pp. 697 ff.
Kopaczyk, Joanna & Jukka Tyrkkö
2018. Chapter 11. Blogging around the world. In Applications of Pattern-driven Methods in Corpus Linguistics [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 82], ► pp. 277 ff.
Laitinen, Mikko
2016. Ongoing changes in English modals. In New Approaches to English Linguistics [Studies in Language Companion Series, 177], ► pp. 175 ff.
Laitinen, Mikko
2018. Placing ELF among the varieties of English. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 109 ff.
Laitinen, Mikko & Magnus Levin
2016. On the globalization of English. In World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G57],
Leuckert, Sven
2020. Rethinking Community in Linguistics: Language and Community in the Digital Age. In Rethinking Community through Transdisciplinary Research, ► pp. 111 ff.
Lising, Loy, Pam Peters & Adam Smith
2020. Code-switching in online academic discourse. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 41:2 ► pp. 131 ff.
Lodge, Wilton George
2020. ‘What’s in a name? The power of the English language in secondary school science education’. Cultural Studies of Science Education 15:1 ► pp. 287 ff.
Lorenz, Eliane & Peter Siemund
2019. Differences in the Acquisition and Production of English as a Foreign Language: A Study of Bilingual and Monolingual Students in Germany. In International Research on Multilingualism: Breaking with the Monolingual Perspective [Multilingual Education, 35], ► pp. 81 ff.
Loureiro-Porto, Lucía & Turo Hiltunen
2020. Democratization and Gender-neutrality in English(es). Journal of English Linguistics 48:3 ► pp. 215 ff.
LOUREIRO‐PORTO, LUCÍA
2017. ICE vs GloWbE: Big data and corpus compilation. World Englishes 36:3 ► pp. 448 ff.
Mair, Christian
2014. Does money talk, and do languages have price tags? Economic perspectives on English as a global language. In The Evolution of Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G49], ► pp. 249 ff.
Mair, Christian
2015. Response to Davies and Fuchs. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 36:1 ► pp. 29 ff.
Mair, Christian
2016. Englishes beyond and between the three circles. In World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G57], ► pp. 17 ff.
Mair, Christian
2018. Stabilising domains of English-language use in Germany. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 45 ff.
Mair, Christian
2019. English in the German-Speaking World: An Inevitable Presence. In English in the German-Speaking World, ► pp. 13 ff.
Mair, Christian
2019. World Englishes in Cyberspace. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 360 ff.
Mair, Christian
2021. English and Spanish in Contact in North America. In English and Spanish, ► pp. 233 ff.
Mair, Christian
2022. Review of Buschfeld & Kautzsch (2021): Modelling World Englishes: A Joint Approach to Postcolonial and Non-postcolonial Englishes. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 43:2 ► pp. 257 ff.
Mair, Christian
2022. Migration, media, and the emergence of pidgin‐ and creole‐based informal epicentres. World Englishes 41:3 ► pp. 414 ff.
Mair, Christian, Susanne Mühleisen & Eva Ulrike Pirker
2015. “Selling the Caribbean: An Introduction”. Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 63:2 ► pp. 139 ff.
Meer, Philipp, Michael Westphal, Eva Canan Hänsel & Dagmar Deuber
2019. Trinidadian secondary school students’ attitudes toward accents of Standard English. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 34:1 ► pp. 83 ff.
Meierkord, Christiane
2016. Review of Buschfeld, Hoffmann, Huber & Kautzsch (2014): The Evolution of Englishes: The Dynamic Model and Beyond. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 37:3 ► pp. 354 ff.
Meierkord, Christiane
2019. The Global Growth of English at the Grassroots. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 311 ff.
Meierkord, Christiane
2020. Indian English in Lesser-Known Ecologies: Afghanistan, Maldives and Uganda. In Functional Variations in English [Multilingual Education, 37], ► pp. 113 ff.
Meierkord, Christiane
2022. Post‐protectorate Uganda and current models of influence across Englishes. World Englishes 41:3 ► pp. 429 ff.
Meierkord, Christiane & Bebwa Isingoma
2022. Between first language influence, exonormative orientation and migration. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 43:2 ► pp. 220 ff.
Mesthrie, Rajend
2019. Indian English in theory and action. World Englishes 38:1-2 ► pp. 155 ff.
Moody, Andrew
2019. Editorial. English Today 35:4 ► pp. 1 ff.
Nassenstein, Nico
2020. Playing with accents. Sociolinguistic Studies 14:3
ONYSKO, ALEXANDER
2016. Language contact and world Englishes. World Englishes 35:2 ► pp. 191 ff.
ONYSKO, ALEXANDER
2016. Modeling world Englishes from the perspective of language contact. World Englishes 35:2 ► pp. 196 ff.
Ozón, Gabriel
2019. Christiane Meierkord, Bebwa Isingoma and Saudah Namyalo (eds.), Ugandan English: Its sociolinguistics, structure and uses in a globalising post-protectorate (Varieties of English Around the World G59). Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2016. Pp. vi + 280. ISBN 9789027249197.. English Language and Linguistics 23:3 ► pp. 729 ff.
Parviainen, Hanna & Robert Fuchs
2019. ‘I don’t get time only’: an apparent-time investigation of clause-final focus particles in Asian Englishes. Asian Englishes 21:3 ► pp. 285 ff.
Perez, Danae
2019. Language Contact and Competition in Latin America. In Language Competition and Shift in New Australia, Paraguay, ► pp. 19 ff.
Danae Perez, Marianne Hundt, Johannes Kabatek & Daniel Schreier
2021. English and Spanish,
Peters, Pam
2017. Elena Seoane, and Cristina Suárez-Gómez, eds. 2016. World Englishes: New Theoretical and Methodological Considerations
(Varieties of English around the World G57)
. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 38:2 ► pp. 238 ff.
Peters, Pam
2019. Norms and Standards in World Englishes. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 587 ff.
Peters, Pam
2021. Pluricentricity and Codification in World English. In English and Spanish, ► pp. 139 ff.
Peters, Pam & Tobias Bernaisch
2022. The current state of research into linguistic epicentres. World Englishes 41:3 ► pp. 320 ff.
Rautionaho, Paula, Sandra C. Deshors & Lea Meriläinen
2018. Revisiting the ENL-ESL-EFL continuum: A multifactorial approach to grammatical aspect in spoken Englishes. ICAME Journal 42:1 ► pp. 41 ff.
Rautionaho, Paula & Marianne Hundt
2022. Primed progressives? Predicting aspectual choice in World Englishes. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 18:3 ► pp. 599 ff.
Röthlisberger, Melanie
2020. Social Constraints on Syntactic Variation. In Gender in World Englishes, ► pp. 147 ff.
Röthlisberger, Melanie & Benedikt Szmrecsanyi
2019. Dialect Typology: Recent Advances. In Handbook of the Changing World Language Map, ► pp. 1 ff.
Röthlisberger, Melanie & Benedikt Szmrecsanyi
2020. Dialect Typology: Recent Advances. In Handbook of the Changing World Language Map, ► pp. 131 ff.
Sand, Andrea
2020. Michael Westphal. 2017. Language Variation on Jamaican Radio
. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 41:2 ► pp. 255 ff.
Schaefer, Sarah Josefine
2022. Global Englishes and the Semiotics of German Radio—Encouraging the Listener's Visual Imagination Through Translingual and Transmodal Practices. Frontiers in Communication 7
Schmidtke, Daniel & Victor Kuperman
2017. Mass counts in World Englishes: A corpus linguistic study of noun countability in non-native varieties of English. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 13:1
Schneider, Britta
2023. Posthumanism and the role of orality and literacy in language ideologies in Belize. World Englishes 42:1 ► pp. 150 ff.
SCHNEIDER, EDGAR W.
2014. New reflections on the evolutionary dynamics of world Englishes. World Englishes 33:1 ► pp. 9 ff.
Schneider, Edgar W.
2016. World Englishes on YouTube. In World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G57], ► pp. 253 ff.
Schneider, Edgar W.
2020. English around the World,
Schneider, Edgar W.
2021. The Emergence of Global Languages. In English and Spanish, ► pp. 10 ff.
Schneider, Edgar W.
2022. Parameters of epicentral status. World Englishes 41:3 ► pp. 462 ff.
Schneider, Edgar W., Marianne Hundt & Daniel Schreier
2014. The times they are a-changin’ — and so are the editors of EWW. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 35:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
Schneider, Edgar W. & Anne Schröder
2021. Chapter 12. The dynamics of English in Namibia. In The Dynamics of English in Namibia [Varieties of English Around the World, G65], ► pp. 275 ff.
Schreier, Daniel
2021. English Varieties Outside of North America. In Introducing Linguistics, ► pp. 593 ff.
Schreier, Daniel, Marianne Hundt & Edgar W. Schneider
2019. World Englishes: An Introduction. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 1 ff.
Seoane, Elena
2016. World Englishes Today. In World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G57], ► pp. 1 ff.
Shakir, Muhammad & Dagmar Deuber
2023. Compiling a corpus of South Asian online Englishes: A report, some reflections and a pilot study. ICAME Journal 47:1 ► pp. 119 ff.
Siemund, Peter
2018. Modeling World Englishes from a cross-linguistic perspective. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 133 ff.
Siemund, Peter
2022. Varietäten des Englischen. In Linguistik im Sprachvergleich, ► pp. 765 ff.
Siemund, Peter, Ahmad Al‐Issa & Jakob R. E. Leimgruber
2021. Multilingualism and the role of English in the United Arab Emirates. World Englishes 40:2 ► pp. 191 ff.
Stankić, Diana Prodanović
2021. The Interplay of Blended Languages and Blended Cultures in Memes: Cultural Conceptualisations Used by Serbian Speakers of English. In Cultural Linguistics and World Englishes [Cultural Linguistics, ], ► pp. 295 ff.
Suárez-Gómez, Cristina
2017. Transparency and language contact in the nativization of relative clauses in New Englishes. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 38:2 ► pp. 211 ff.
SUÁREZ-GÓMEZ, CRISTINA
2019. The coding of perfect meaning in African, Asian and Caribbean Englishes. English Language and Linguistics 23:3 ► pp. 509 ff.
Suárez‐Gómez, Cristina, Lucía Loureiro‐Porto & Robert Fuchs
2020. World Englishes and grammatical variation. World Englishes 39:3 ► pp. 370 ff.
Swaan, Abram de
2020. The Unequal Exchange of Texts in the World Language System. In Bridging Linguistics and Economics, ► pp. 203 ff.
Szmrecsanyi, Benedikt & Melanie Röthlisberger
2019. World Englishes from the Perspective of Dialect Typology. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 534 ff.
Taipale, Irene & Mikko Laitinen
2022. Individual Sensitivity to Change in the Lingua Franca Use of English. Frontiers in Communication 6
Tudeau-Clayton, Margaret
2019. Shakespeare's Englishes,
Van Rooy, Bertus
2019. Reconsidering Kachru's work on Englishes in their multilingual ecologies. World Englishes 38:1-2 ► pp. 280 ff.
van Rooy, Bertus & Haidee Kruger
2018. Hybridity, globalisation and models of Englishes. In Modeling World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G61], ► pp. 77 ff.
Wan, Tsung-Lun Alan & Claire Cowie
2021. Conflicts between World Englishes. English World-Wide. A Journal of Varieties of English 42:1 ► pp. 85 ff.
Werner, Valentin
2016. Overlap and divergence – aspects of the present perfect in World Englishes. In World Englishes [Varieties of English Around the World, G57], ► pp. 113 ff.
Werner, Valentin
2021. Catchy and conversational? A register analysis of pop lyrics. Corpora 16:2 ► pp. 237 ff.
WERNER, VALENTIN & ROBERT FUCHS
2017. The present perfect in Nigerian English. English Language and Linguistics 21:1 ► pp. 129 ff.
Westphal, Michael
2015. Linguistic Decolonization in Jamaican Radio. Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 63:2 ► pp. 179 ff.
Westphal, Michael & Guyanne Wilson
2023. Creole and power. In New Englishes, New Methods [Varieties of English Around the World, G68], ► pp. 84 ff.
Wilson, Guyanne
2020. Variability and acceptability in Trinidadian English. World Englishes 39:3 ► pp. 462 ff.
Wilson, Guyanne & Michael Westphal
2023. New Englishes new methods. In New Englishes, New Methods [Varieties of English Around the World, G68], ► pp. 1 ff.
Wilson, Guyanne & Michael Westphal
2023. Conclusion. In New Englishes, New Methods [Varieties of English Around the World, G68], ► pp. 263 ff.
Wu, Weiwei
2023. Book review. Journal of Pragmatics 209 ► pp. 168 ff.
Yilmaz, Selahattin & Ute Römer
2020. A corpus-based exploration of constructions in written academic English as a lingua franca. In Advances in Corpus-based Research on Academic Writing [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 95], ► pp. 60 ff.
Zipp, Lena
2019. World Englishes, Migration, and Diaspora. In The Cambridge Handbook of World Englishes, ► pp. 120 ff.
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
2022. Editorial. English Today 38:3 ► pp. 141 ff.
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 29 march 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.