Hand gestures have been found to provide both semantic information and cognitive
facilitative effects in language tasks. These benefits, however, have typically
been linked to micro-levels of word and sentence production, and little
attention has been paid to the macro-levels of narrative production and
organization. In this study, we examined the length, content, syntactic
complexity, and organization of narratives of ten typically developing adults
under two conditions: (i) Free Gesture, in which participants were allowed to
gesture freely while retelling a story, and (ii) Restricted Gesture, where the
participants were prevented from moving their hands freely. Results indicated
that although narrative length and content did not vary significantly between
conditions, narratives produced in the Free Gesture condition were significantly
more grammatically complex and better organized than those produced in the
Restricted Gesture condition. The findings are discussed with respect to the
potential facilitative cognitive effects of gesture for discourse planning.
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production: Some gestures are meant to be seen. Journal of Memory and Language, 44 (2), 169–188.
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to learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 136 (4), 539–550.
Coelho, Carl, Karen Lê, Jennifer Mozeiko, Mark Hamilton, Elizabeth Tyler, Frank Kreuger, & Jordan Grafman (2013). Characterizing discourse deficits following penetrating head
injury: A preliminary model. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 221, S438–S448.
de Marchena, Ashley B. (2013). Executive and nonverbal contributions to pragmatic language in
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retrieval and free recall. The American Journal of Psychology, 111 (1), 43–62.
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learning in a foreign language. Language and Cognitive Processes, 24 (2), 313–334.
Kita, Sotaro (2000). How representational gestures help speaking. In David McNeill (Ed.), Language and gesture (pp. 162–185). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kita, Sotaro, Aslı Özyürek, Shanley Allen, Amanda Brown, Reyhan Furman, & Tomoko Ishizuka (2007). Relations between syntactic encoding and co-speech gestures:
Implications for a model of speech and gesture production. Language and Cognitive Processes, 22 (8), 1212–1236.
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Lê, Karen, Carl Coelho, Jennifer Mozeiko, Frank Krueger, & Jordan Grafman (2012). Predicting story goodness performance from cognitive measures
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Lê, Karen, Carl Coelho, Jennifer Mozeiko, & Jordan Grafman (2011). Measuring goodness of story narratives. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 541, 118–126.
McNeill, David (1992). Hand and mind: What gestures reveal about thought. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
McNeill, David, Francis Quek, Karl-Erik McCullough, Susan Duncan, Nobuhiro Furuyama, Robert Bryll, Xin-Feng Ma, & Rahid Ansari (2001). Catchments, prosody and discourse. Gesture, 1 (1), 9–33.
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speech in one-word speakers. Journal of Child Language, 19 (3), 559–580.
Mol, Lisette & Sotaro Kita (2012). Gesture structure affects syntactic structure in
speech. In Naomi Miyake, David Peebles, & Richard P. Cooper (Eds.), Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of The Cognitive Science
Society (pp. 761–766). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.
Özyürek, Aslı (2002). Do speakers design their cospeech gestures for their addresses?
The effects of addressee location on representational
gestures. Journal of Memory and Language, 46 (4), 688–704.
Özyürek, Aslı & Sotaro Kita (1999). Expressing manner and path in English and Turkish: Differences in
speech, gesture, and conceptualization. In Martin Hahn & Scott Stonness (Eds.), Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Cognitive
Science Society (pp. 507–508). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Quek, Francis, David McNeill, Robert Bryll, Susan Duncan, Xin-Feng Ma, Cemil Kirbas, Karl E. McCullough, & Rashid Ansari (2002). Multimodal human discourse: Gesture and speech. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 9 (3), 171–193.
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Cited by (8)
Cited by eight other publications
ARSLAN, Burcu, Demet ÖZER & Tilbe GÖKSUN
2023. Grammatical Complexity and Gesture Production of Younger and Older Adults. Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi 34:2 ► pp. 201 ff.
Calabrò, Valeria
2023. La gestualità di segnanti e non segnanti nella narrazione orale
. In Segni, gesti e parole
Studi sulla lingua dei segni italiana e su fenomeni di contatto intermodale
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Cravotta, Alice, Pilar Prieto & M. Grazia Busà
2021. Exploring the effects of restraining the use of gestures on narrative speech. Speech Communication 135 ► pp. 25 ff.
胡, 敏霞
2021. Investigating the Cognitive Effects of the Interpreter’s Gestures in Multi-Modal Processing. Modern Linguistics 09:04 ► pp. 912 ff.
Lin, Yen-Liang
2020. A helping hand for thinking and speaking: Effects of gesturing and task planning on second language narrative discourse. System 91 ► pp. 102243 ff.
Overoye, Acacia L. & Margaret Wilson
2020. Does Gesture Lighten the Load? The Case of Verbal Analogies. Frontiers in Psychology 11
Sparrow, Karen, Christopher Lind & Willem van Steenbrugge
2020. Gesture, communication, and adult acquired hearing loss. Journal of Communication Disorders 87 ► pp. 106030 ff.
Cravotta, Alice, M. Grazia Busà & Pilar Prieto
2019. Effects of Encouraging the Use of Gestures on Speech. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62:9 ► pp. 3204 ff.
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