Utilising design principles to improve the perception and effectiveness of public health infographics
Matthew Baxter | University of Leeds , United Kingdom
Maria dos Santos Lonsdale | University of Leeds , United Kingdom
Stephen Westland | University of Leeds , United Kingdom
Infographics are becoming a common tool in the communication of public-health information. However, research-based resources in how to create effective infographics are rare. The application of design principles in the creation of infographics has been shown to more effectively communicate information. Here, the research explores the adherence of 84 research-based infographic design principles on 3 designs of varying levels of application. A multi-method approach, including eye-tracking, was used to record information location efficiency, memorability and user perception. Support was found in favour of utilising design principles in the creation of public health infographics; resulting in improved user opinion and information location.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 1.1Background
- 1.2Limitations of existing research
- 1.3Aim of the present study
- 2.Testing material development
- 2.1Infographic design
- 2.2Usability testing
- 2.3Testing material questionnaire (preliminary research)
- 3.Experimental testing methodology
- 3.1Participants
- 3.2Apparatus
- 3.3Procedure
- 3.3.1Information location
- 3.3.2Questionnaire
- 3.3.3Short-term memory test
- 3.3.4Long-term memory test
- 4.Results
- 4.1Performance results between designs
- 4.1.1Information location time
- 4.1.2Number of fixations
- 4.1.3Short-term memorability accuracy
- 4.1.4Long-term memorability accuracy
- 4.2Qualitative results
- 4.2.1Preferential design
- 4.2.2Likert scale findings
- 4.2.3Microsoft desirability toolkit
- 4.3Results of opinion questionnaire
- 4.3.1‘Good’ design
- 4.3.2‘Average’ design
- 4.3.3‘Poor’ design
- 4.4Heat maps
- 4.1Performance results between designs
- 5.Discussion and conclusion
- 5.1Discussion of results
- 5.1.1Quantitative results
- 5.1.2Qualitative results
- 5.2References to previous research
- 5.3Conclusions and recommendations for future research
- 5.1Discussion of results
-
References
Published online: 01 December 2021
https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.20017.bax
https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.20017.bax
References
Andry, T.
Atenstaedt, R.
Baddeley, A.
Baddeley, A. and Hitch, G.
Balkac, M. and Ergun, E.
Basic, J.
Bateman, S., Mandryk, R. L., Gutwin, C., Genest, A., McDine, D. and Brooks, C.
Benedek, J. and Miner, T.
Blascheck, T., Kurzhals, K., Raschke, M., Burch, M., Weiskopf, D. and Ertl, T.
Buljan, I., Malički, M., Wager, E., Puljak, L., Hren, D., Kellie, F., West, H., Alfirević, Ž. and Marušić, A.
Chan, A. K., Nickson, C., Rudolph, J., Lee, A. and Joynt, G.
Chiu, H. H., Dimaras, H., Downie, R. and Gallie, B.
Clinton, V., Morsanyi, K., Alibali, M. W. and Nathan, M. J.
Dunlap, J. C. and Lowenthal, P. R.
George, C. A.
Goldberg, J. H. and Kotval, X. P.
Greussing, E. and Boomgaarden, H. G.
Haladyna, T. M., Downing, S. M. and Rodriguez, M. C.
Heidig, S., Müller, J. and Reichelt, M.
Hossain, M. Z., Gedeon, T., Caldwell, S., Copeland, L., Jones, R. and Chow, C.
Ibrahim, A. M., Lillemoe, K. D., Klingensmith, M. E. and Dimick, J. B.
Jamet, E.
Johnson, C. I. and Mayer, R. E.
Krum, R.
Lindquist, L. A. and Ramirez-Zohfeld, V.
Linghammar, F.
2007 Usability and Aesthetics: is beautiful more usable. thesis.
Lonsdale, M. and Lonsdale, D.
2019 Design2Inform: Information visualisation. [Online]. The Office of the Chief Scientific Advisor, Gov UK. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330825479_Design2Inform_Information_visualisation
Lonsdale, M., Lonsdale, D., Baxter, M., Graham, R., Kanafani, A., Li, A. and Peng, C.
Lonsdale, M., Lonsdale, D. and Lim, H.
Lonsdale, M., Ni, L.-C., Twiddy, M. and Gu, C.
Lonsdale, M., Sciberras, S., Ha, H. and Chapman, S.
Manzari, L. and Trinidad-Christensen, J.
Mason, L., Pluchino, P. and Tornatora, M. C.
Mayer, R. E.
Mayer, R. E. and Moreno, R.
Mc Sween-Cadieux, E., Fillol, A., Ridde, V. and Dagenais, C.
McCoubrie, P.
McCrorie, A., Donnelly, C. and McGlade, K.
Moran, K.
2019 Usability Testing 101. [Online]. [Accessed 5 March]. Available from: https://www.nngroup.com/articles/usability-testing-101/
Obie, H. O., Chua, C., Avazpour, I., Abdelrazek, M., Grundy, J. and Bednarz, T.
Parrish, P. E.
Parrish, P. E., Wilson, B. G. and Dunlap, J. C.
Pernice, K. and Nielsen, J.
2009 How to Conduct Eyetracking Studies. [Online]. Available from: https://www.nngroup.com/reports/how-to-conduct-eyetracking-studies/
Plass, J. L., Heidig, S., Hayward, E. O., Homer, B. D. and Um, E.
Provvidenza, C. F., Hartman, L. R., Carmichael, J. and Reed, N.
Reyna, J.
Schmidt-Weigand, F., Kohnert, A. and Glowalla, U.
Scott, H., Fawkner, S., Oliver, C. and Murray, A.
Siricharoen, W. V. and Siricharoen, N.
Stones, C. and Gent, M.
2015a The 7 Graphic Principles of Public Health Infographic Design. [Online]. University of Leeds. Available from: https://improvementacademy.org/documents/Projects/air_quality/The%207%20Graphic%20Principals%20of%20Public%20Health%20Infographic%20Design.pdf
Stusak, S., Schwarz, J. and Butz, A.
Thoma, B., Murray, H., Huang, S. Y. M., Milne, W. K., Martin, L. J., Bond, C. M., Mohindra, R., Chin, A., Yeh, C. H. and Sanderson, W. B.
Toker, D., Conati, C., Steichen, B. and Carenini, G.
Tractinsky, N., Katz, A. S. and Ikar, D.
Tumpey, A. J., Daigle, D. and Nowak, G.
van Weert, J. C., van Noort, G., Bol, N., van Dijk, L., Tates, K. and Jansen, J.
WHO
2020 Coronavirus (COVID-19) and tobacco use. [Online]. [Accessed 1 September]. Available from: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/technical-guidance/resources-for-tobacco-use-control-as-part-of-covid-19-response/infographic-coronavirus-covid-19-and-tobacco-use