This chapter investigates three important skills that facilitate L2 communication: (1) perception (listening), (2) spoken word recognition (understanding) and (3) production (speaking) and their interrelation. In Part One, we present a review of the literature pertaining to L2 acquisition in Portuguese, with a particular focus on phonological acquisition. In Part Two, we review a series of recent studies that investigated the acquisition of Brazilian Portuguese vowels by naïve Australian English (AusE) and European Spanish (ES) listeners at the initial stage of learning. Each study targets one of the aforementioned skills and we will discuss the interrelation between them at the initial stage of L2 acquisition. We conclude the chapter by discussing the implications of this research for second-language learners and teachers of Portuguese.
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