Chapter 13
Public signage in a multilingual Caribbean enclave
The linguistic landscape of Old Providence and Santa Catalina, Colombia
This study examines the linguistic landscape of the islands of Old Providence and Santa Catalina, Colombia, a language contact scenario. Over 700 pictures were geotagged in order to analyze the use and location of Spanish, Islander Creole, and English in public signage and to examine the factors that contribute to the distribution of these languages. The linguistic landscape analysis shows Islander Creole and English clustered into specific locations in these islands, where the community has made attempts to preserve their ancestral languages. Conversely, results show Spanish highly associated with businesses and local government in areas of financial and commercial importance. This study offers a description of the implicit language policies and the de facto language practices in islands where Spanish coexists with Creole languages.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Methodology
- 3.Results
- 3.1Authorship
- 3.2Zone
- 3.3Authorship and zone
- 4.Discussion
- 5.Conclusion
-
Acknowledgment
-
Notes
-
References
References (37)
References
Backhaus, P. (2007). Linguistic landscapes: A comparative study of urban multilingualism in Tokyo. Clevedon: Multilingual matters.
Bad Lucky Goat. The Guardian: Movie Article. Retrieved from <[URL]> (1 July, 2019).
Barni, M., & Bagna, C. (2009). A mapping technique and the linguistic landscape. In E. Shohamy & D. Gorter (Eds.), Linguistic landscape: Expanding the scenery (pp. 126–139). New York, NY: Routledge.
Bartens, A. (2009). A comparison of the English-based Creoles of Nicaragua and San Andres and Old Providence. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, 110(3), 299–318.
Bartens, A. (2013). San Andres Creole English. The Survey of Pidgin and Creole Languages, 1, 101–114.
Blommaert, J. (2013). Ethnography, superdiversity and linguistic landscapes: Chronicles of complexity. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Chambers, J. K., & Trudgill, P. J. (1980). Dialectology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Chatfield C., & Collins A. J. (1980) Principal component analysis. In Introduction to multivariate analysis. Boston, MA: Springer.
Constitución Política de Colombia – Artículo 10. (2016). Retrieved from <[URL]> (15 January, 2018).
Dirección Nacional de Estadística. (2005). Census of Colombia. Available on the Web <[URL]> (1 October, 2017).
Enciso-Patiño, P. (2004). Estado del arte de la etnoeducación en Colombia con énfasis en política pública. Colombia, Ministerio de Educación Nacional. Retrieved from <[URL]> (13 November, 2019).
Flórez, S. (2006). A study of language attitudes in two creole-speaking islands: San Andres and Providence (Colombia). Ikala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 11(17): 119–147.
García-León, D. L. (2014). Minorías lingúísticas en Colombia. Acercamiento desde las políticas públicas y los derechos humanos. Cuadernos de Lingüística Hispánica, 24, 163–182.
Google Earth v 7.3.1. (2018). Archipelago of San Andres, Colombia. Lat.12.549969°, Long. -81.718758°. Viewed January 2018.
Gorter, D. (2013). Linguistic landscapes in a multilingual world. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 33, 190–212.
Huebner, T. (2009). A framework for the linguistic analysis of linguistic landscapes. In E. Shohamy & D. Gorter (Eds.), Linguistic landscape: Expanding the scenery (pp. 70–87). New York, NY: Routledge.
Hult, F. (2009). Language ecology and linguistic landscape analysis. In E. Shohamy & D. Gorter (Eds.), Linguistic landscape: Expanding the scenery (pp. 88–103). New York, NY: Routledge.
Hult, F. M. (2014). Drive-thru linguistic landscaping: Constructing a linguistically dominant place in a bilingual space. International Journal of Bilingualism, 18(5), 507–523.
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras “José Benito Vives de Andréis”. (2012). Atlas de la reserva de biósfera Seaflower: Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina. In D. I. Gómez-López, C. G. Quintero, P. C. Sierra Correa, J. A. Garay Tinoco, E. T. Jay, & O. Bent Zapata (Eds.), San Andres Isla, Colombia. Retrieved from <[URL]> (14 November, 2019).
Jolliffe, I. T. (1986). Principal component analysis and factor analysis. In Principal component analysis (pp. 115–128). New York, NY: Springer.
Landry, R., & Bourhis, R. Y. (1997). Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality: An empirical study. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 16(1), 23–49.
Leeman, J., & Modan, G. (2009). Commodified language in Chinatown: A contextualized approach to linguistic landscape. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 13(3), 332–362.
Lou, J. J. (2016). The linguistic landscape of Chinatown: A sociolinguistic ethnography. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Marten, H. F., Van Mensel, L., & Gorter, D. (2012). Studying minority languages in the linguistic landscape. In D. Gorter, H. Marten, & L. Van Mensel (Eds.), Minority languages in the linguistic landscape (pp. 1–15). Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Martínez-Ibarra, F. M. (2016). Spanish and Valencian in contact. In S. Sessarego & F. Tejedo-Herrero (Eds.), Spanish language and sociolinguistic analysis (pp.135–153). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Morren, R. (2001). Creole-based trilingual education in the Caribbean Archipelago of San Andres, Providence and Santa Catalina. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 22(3), 227–241.
Moya-Chaves, D. S. (2014). La situación sociolingüística de la lengua Creole de San Andrés Isla: El caso de San Luis. Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, 16(1), 55–66.
Nerbonne, J., Colen, R., Gooskens, C., Kleiweg, P., & Leinonen, T. (2011). Gabmap – A web application for dialectology. In Dialectologia: Revista Electrònica (pp. 65–89). Available at <[URL]> (14 November, 2019).
R Core Team. (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. <[URL]> (13 November, 2019).
Restrepo-Ramos, F. D. (forthcoming). If signs could talk: Language practices revealed by the linguistic landscape of the Archipelago of San Andres, Colombia. In G. Leung, M. Loschky, & H. Leusman (Eds.), When Creole and Spanish collide: Language and cultural contact in the Caribbean. Leiden: Brill.
Ross, J. (2007). Routes for roots: Entering the 21st century in San Andres Island, Colombia. Caribbean Studies, 35(1), 3–36.
Sebba, M. (2010) Discourses in transit. In A. Jaworski & C. Thurlow (Eds.), Semiotic landscapes: Language, image, space (pp. 59–76). London: Continuum.
Spolsky, B. (2009). Prolegomena to a sociolinguistic theory of public signage. In E. Shohamy & D. Gorter (Eds.), Linguistic landscape: Expanding the scenery (pp. 25–39). New York, NY: Routledge.
Van Mensel, L., Marten, H. F., & Gorter, D. (2012). Minority languages through the lens of the linguistic landscape. In D. Gorter, H. Marten, & L. Van Mensel (Eds.), Minority languages in the linguistic landscape (pp. 319–323). Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
Cited by (2)
Cited by two other publications
Restrepo-Ramos, Falcon
2024.
Contrastive language policies: a comparison of two multilingual linguistic landscapes where Spanish coexists with regional minority languages.
International Journal of Multilingualism 21:2
► pp. 906 ff.
Restrepo-Ramos, Falcon D.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 11 september 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.