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International Journal of Chinese Linguistics
Vol. 11:2 (2024) ► pp.280–315

崔世珍笔下的明代中期北京话

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崔世珍 (1468–1542) 著述宏富，记录和讨论了大量明代中期的北京话词汇和语音现象。当时正处于南北官话融合的关键阶段，而反映北京话的本土资料却阙如，因此他所记录的北京口语资料是独一无二的，对于研究北京话形成史具有极高的价值。文章主要讨论四个问题：(1) 崔世珍所记是不是北京话；(2) 崔世珍所记资料的特点；(3) 从崔世珍所记看明代中期南北官话词汇的融合；(4) 明代中期的北京话词汇在现代北京话里的留存与消亡。
Keywords: 崔世珍, 明代中期, 北京话, 词汇, 语音
Article outline
  • 一、绪论
  • 二、崔世珍所记是不是北京话
    • 第一， “崔世珍们”学习汉语口语的目的。
    • 第二， 崔世珍是有机会到北京去“质正”的。
    • 第三， 不得已而去辽东质正，也是向精通汉语的硕学鸿儒质正，而不是一般的辽东人。
    • 第四， 除了面对面质正学习外，崔世珍还拥有丰富的书面资料可供参考。
  • 三、崔世珍所记资料的特点
  • 四、从崔世珍所记看明代中期南北官话词汇的融合
    • 1.沿用大都话
    • 2.大都话被淘汰
    • 3.融入南方话
      • 例1 立－站
      • 例2 赤根菜－菠䔖菜/菠菜
      • 例3 伴当－火伴/舍人
  • 五、明代中期的北京话词汇在现代北京话里的留存与消亡
  • 致谢
  • 笔记
  • Author queries
  • 参考文献
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