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Article published In:
Interaction Studies
Vol. 17:3 (2016) ► pp.461–490

Long-term evaluation of a social robot in real homes

| University of Twente, The Netherlands
| Saxion University of Applied Sciences, The Netherlands
| University of Twente, The Netherlands

This study aims to contribute to emerging human-robot interaction research by adding longitudinal findings to a limited number of long-term social robotics home studies. We placed 70 robots in users’ homes for a period of up to six months, and used questionnaires and interviews to collect data at six points during this period. Results indicate that users’ evaluations of the robot dropped initially, but later rose after the robot had been used for a longer period of time. This is congruent with the so-called mere-exposure effect, which shows an increasing positive evaluation of a novel stimulus once people become familiar with it. Before adoption, users focus on control beliefs showing that previous experiences with robots or other technologies allows to create a mental image of what having and using a robot in the home would entail. After adoption, users focus on utilitarian and hedonic attitudes showing that especially usefulness, social presence, enjoyment and attractiveness are important factors for long-term acceptance.

Keywords: domestic environment, human-robot interaction, long-term study, social robots, user acceptance
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.The long-term acceptance process
    • 2.1Expectation phase
    • 2.2Encounter phase
    • 2.3Adoption phase
    • 2.4Adaptation phase
    • 2.5Integration phase
    • 2.6Identification phase
  • 3.Related studies
  • 4.Method
    • 4.1Robot
    • 4.2Participants
    • 4.3Instruments
    • 4.4Data collection and procedure
    • 4.5Data analysis
  • Results
    • 5.1Use over time
    • 5.2Quantitative results on the acceptance variables
    • 5.2Qualitative results on the acceptance variables
      • Usefulness
      • Ease of use
      • Adaptability
      • Reliability
      • Intelligence
      • Diversity of use
      • Enjoyment
      • Attractiveness
      • Animacy
      • Social presence
      • Sociability
      • Companionship
      • Social influence
      • Media influence
      • Status
      • Trust
      • Privacy
      • Self-efficacy
      • Previous experiences
      • Prior expectations
      • Cost
      • Situational factors
  • 6.Discussion
    • Limitations
  • 7.Conclusion
  • References
Published online: 30 March 2017
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/is.17.3.08deg
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Song, Sichao, Jun Baba, Yuki Okafuji, Junya Nakanishi, Yuichiro Yoshikawa & Hiroshi Ishiguro
2024. Wingman-Leader Recommendation: An Empirical Study on Product Recommendation Strategy Using Two Robots. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 9:3 ► pp. 2272 ff. DOI logo
Nicolas Spatola
2019. L’interaction Homme-Robot, de l’anthropomorphisme à l’humanisation. L’Année psychologique Vol. 119:4 ► pp. 515 ff. DOI logo
Takada, Megumi, Junko Ichino & Kaname Hayashi
2024. A Study of Objective Evaluation Indicator Based on Robot Activity Logs for Owner Attachment to Companion Robot. International Journal of Social Robotics 16:1 ► pp. 125 ff. DOI logo
Tang, Brian, Dakota Sullivan, Bengisu Cagiltay, Varun Chandrasekaran, Kassem Fawaz & Bilge Mutlu
2022. 2022 17th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), ► pp. 205 ff. DOI logo
Tobis, Slawomir, Agnieszka Neumann-Podczaska, Sylwia Kropinska & Aleksandra Suwalska
2021. UNRAQ—A Questionnaire for the Use of a Social Robot in Care for Older Persons. A Multi-Stakeholder Study and Psychometric Properties. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18:11 ► pp. 6157 ff. DOI logo
van Maris, Anouk, Nancy Zook, Sanja Dogramadzi, Matthew Studley, Alan Winfield & Praminda Caleb-Solly
2021. A New Perspective on Robot Ethics through Investigating Human–Robot Interactions with Older Adults. Applied Sciences 11:21 ► pp. 10136 ff. DOI logo
Wioland, Liên, Jean-Jacques Atain Kouadio, Hugo Bréard, Isabelle Clerc-Urmès & Benjamin Paty
2024. The Adoption of Occupational Exoskeletons: From Acceptability to Situated Acceptance, Questionnaire Surveys. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo
Yuan, Fengpei, Marie Boltz, Betsy Kemeny, Sharon Bowland, Kristina Wick & Xiaopeng Zhao
2022. Development of Robotic Care for Older Adults with Dementia: Focus Group and Survey Study. In Social Robotics [Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 13818], ► pp. 338 ff. DOI logo
Zhao, Zhao & Rhonda McEwen
2022. 2022 17th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), ► pp. 24 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 31 march 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.