References
Áo, Lìfāng
敖丽芳 (2008) Lùn Dōngběi ‘Èrrénzhuàn’ de yǔyán yìshù, 论东北 ‘二人转’ 的语言艺术 [A study of the artful use of language in Dōngběi Èrrénzhuàn ]. Yǔyán Yìngyòng Yánjiū语言应用研究, 2008/71, 89–91.Google Scholar
Baxter, William H
(1999) Reconstructing proto-’Mandarin’ retroflex initials. In Richard VanNess Simmons (Ed.), Issues in Chinese dialect description and classification. Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series, 15.Google Scholar
Cáo, Shùjī
曹树基 (1997) Zhōngguó yímín shǐ–Qīng-Mínguó shíqī 中国移民史–清民国时期 [History of migration in China–the Qīng and Republican periods], Vol. 61 (especially pp. 472–510). Fúzhōu福州: Fújiàn Rénmín Chūbǎnshè 福建人民出版社.Google Scholar
CASS [Chinese Academy of Social Sciences] and the Australian Academy of the Humanities (Zhōngguó shèhuì kēxué yuàn hé Àodàlìyà rénwén kēxué yuàn
中国社会科学院和澳大利亚人文科学院) (1987) Language Atlas of China (Zhōngguó dìtú jí 中国语言地图 集). Hong Kong: Longman.Google Scholar
Chén, Lìzhōng
陈立中 (2005) Hēilóngjiāng zhànhuà yánjiū 黑龙江站话研究 [Research in the zhànhuà dialect of Hēilóngjiāng]. Běijīng: Zhōngguó Shèhuì Kēxué Chūbǎnshè 中国社会科学出版社.Google Scholar
Chén, Lìzhōng 陈立中, Liú, Yǔ
刘宇 (2005) Hēilóngjiāng zhànhuà de bīnwēi xìngzhì jí yánjiū yìyì 黑龙江站话的濒危性质及研究意义 [The endangered nature of the Zhànhuà dialect of Hēilóngjiāng and its significance for research]. Wénshǐ Bólǎn 文史博览 [Culture and history], 14–17.Google Scholar
Diāo, Shūrén
刁书仁 (1995) Míng Qīng Dōngběi Shǐ Yánjiū Lùnjí 明清东北史研究论集 [Collected Studies of Dōngběi history during the Míng and Qīng periods]. Chángchūn 长春: Jílín Wénshǐ Chūbǎnshè 吉林文史出版社.Google Scholar
Diāo, Shūrén 刁书仁 & Yī, Xīngguó
衣兴国 (1994) Jìn sānbǎi nián Dōngběi tǔdì kāifā shǐ 近三百年东北土地开发史 [History of land development in Dōngběi during the last 300 years]. Chángchūn 长春: Jílín Wénshǐ Chūbǎnshè 吉林文史出版社.Google Scholar
Edmonds, Richard Louis
(1985) Northern frontiers of Qing China and Tokugawa Japan: A comparative study of frontier policy. Research Paper No. 213. Chicago: University of Chicago, Dept. of Geography.Google Scholar
Elliott, Mark C
(2000) The limits of Tartary: Manchuria in imperial and national geographies. Journal of Asian Studies, 2000/31, 603–646. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
(2001) The Manchu Way—The eight banners and ethnic identity in late imperial China. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Fenby, Jonathan
(2009) The Penguin history of modern China—The fall and rise of a great power, 1850 to the present, 2nd ed. London: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Gāo, Lècái
高乐才 (2005) Jìndài Zhōngguó dōngběi yímín lìshǐ dòngyīn tànyuán近代中国东北移民历史动因探源 [Investigation of the historical motives for immigration to the Northeast in recent history]. Dōngběi Shīdà Xuébào 东北师大学报 ( Journal of Northeast Normal University ), 2005/21, 29–35.Google Scholar
Gottschang, Thomas R
(1987) Economic change, disasters, and migration: The historical case of Manchuria. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 35/31, 461–490. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gottschang, Thomas R., & Lary, Diana
(2000) Swallows and settlers: The great migration from North China to Manchuria. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Guō, Fēnglán
郭风岚 (2008) Hēilóngjiāng zhànhuà de fēnbù qūyù yǔ guīshǔ 黑龙江站话的分布区域与归属 [The regional distribution and classification of the Zhànhuà dialect of Hēilóngjiāng]. Fāngyán 方 言 [Dialect], 2008/11, 76–80.Google Scholar
Guō, Tíngyǐ
郭廷以 (1953) Dōngběi de kāituò 東北的開拓 [The Opening of the Northeast]. In Biānjiāng Wénhuà Lùnjí 邊疆文化論集 [Collected studies on frontier culture], Vol. I1 (pp. 38–56). Taipei: Zhōnghuá Wénhuà.Google Scholar
Hán, Méi
韩梅 (2007) Cóng diànshìjù ‘Liú Lǎogēn’ kàn Dōngběi fāngyán de tèdiǎn 从电视剧《刘老根》看东北方言的特点 [Examining the characteristics of the Dōngběi dialects through the television drama ‘Liú Lǎogēn’]. Chángchūn Shīfàn Xuéyuàn Xuébào (Rénwén shèhuì kēxuébǎn) 长春师范学院学报 (人文社会科学版) [Journal of Changchun Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences)], 2007/41, 77–81.Google Scholar
Hé, Hànwēi
何漢威 (1980) Guāngxù chūnián (1876-79) Huáběi de dà hànzāi 光緖初年(1876-79)華北的大旱災 [The drought in north China of the early years of the Guāngxù reign (1876-79)]. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press.Google Scholar
Hè, Wēi
贺巍 (1986) “Dōngběi Guānhuà de fēnqū (gǎo) 东北官话的分区(稿) [Classification of the Northeastern Mandarin Dialects (Draft)]”, Fāngyán 方 言 [Dialect], 1986/31, 172–181.Google Scholar
Héběi shěng Chānglí xiàn xiànzhì biānzuǎn wěiyuánhuì 河北省昌黎县县志编纂委员会, Zhōngguó shèhuì kēxué yuàn yǔyán yánjiū suǒ 中国社会科学院语言研究所
(Eds.) (1984) Chānglí fāngyánzhì昌黎方言志 [Record of the Chānglí dialect]. Shànghǎi: Shànghǎi Jiàoyù Chūbǎnshè 上海教育出版社.Google Scholar
Hirata, Shōji
平田昌司 (2000) Qīng dài Hónglúsì zhèngyīn kǎo 清代鴻臚寺正音考 [Examination of the Qīng Dynasty Pronunciation Standard of Hónglú Temple]. Zhōngguó Yǔwén 中國語文 2000/61, 537–544.Google Scholar
Ho, Ping-ti
(1959) Studies on the Population of China, 1368–1953. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Hóu, Jīngyī
侯精一 (2010) Shìlùn xiàndài Běijīng chéngqūhuà de xíngchéng 试论现代北京城区话的形成 [Preliminary discussion of the formation of the dialect of the Běijīng metropolitan area]. In Yù Xiàoróng 遇笑容, Cáo Guǎngshùn 曹广顺, Zǔ Shēnglì 祖生利 (Eds.), Hànyǔ shǐzhōngde yǔyán jiēchù wèntí yánjiū 汉语史中的语言接触问题研究 [Research on issues of language contact in the history of Chinese] (pp. 207–219). Běijīng: Yǔwén Chūbǎnshè 语文出版.Google Scholar
Hsu, Immanuel C.Y
(1995) The rise of modern China, 5th ed. New York: Oxford University Press 1995.Google Scholar
Jiāng, Yè
姜晔 (2012) Mínguó shíqī dōngběi yímín yǔ dōngběi dìqū de kāifā 民国时期东北移民与东北地区的开发 [Migration in Northeastern China in the Republican period and the opening of the Northeast]”. Ānshān Shīfàn Xuéyuàn Xuébào 鞍山师范学院学报 (Journal of Anshan Normal University), 2012/11, 24–27.Google Scholar
Lee, Robert H.G
(1970) The Manchurian Frontier in Ch’ing History. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Lǐ, Hóngyán
李宏岩 (2010) Dōngběi Èrrénzhuàn yánjiū zōngshù 东北二人转研究综述 [An overview of the study of Dōngběi Èrrénzhuàn ]. Journal of Shenyang Normal University—Social Science Edition (Shěnyáng Shīfàn Dàxué Xuébào—shèhuì kēxué bǎn 沈阳师范大学学报—社会科学版), 2010/31, 134–137.Google Scholar
Lǐ, Róng
李荣 (1985) Guānhuà fāngyán de fēnqū 官话方言的分区 [Classification of the Mandarin dialects]. Fāngyán 方言 [Dialect], 1985/11, 2–5.Google Scholar
Li, Xiaoguang, Zhan, Ju, & Van den Berg, M.E
this issue). Urbanization, education, and language behavior: The case of Jilin University students.
Liú, Lì
刘丽 (2008) Dōngběi Èrrénzhuàn de lìshǐ yuānyuán jí yǎnyì fēnggé chūtàn 东北二人转的历史渊源及演艺风格初探 [An initial study of the historical origin and the performance style of Dōngběi Èrrénzhuàn ]. Journal of the Art College of Inner Mongolia University (Nèimẹ̌nggǔ Dàxué Yìshù Xuéyuàn Xuébào 内蒙古大学艺术学院学报), 2008/11, 48–52.Google Scholar
Liú, Xùnníng
刘勋宁 (1995) Zài lùn Hànyǔ běifāng huà de fēnqū 再论汉语北方话的分区 [A Relook at the classification of the northern Chinese dialects]. Zhōngguó Yǔwén 中国语文1995/61, 447–454.Google Scholar
Lù, Yù路遇
(1987) Qīngdài hé Mínguó Shāndōng yímín Dōngběi shǐlüè 清代和民国山东移民东北史略 [A brief history of the immigration from Shāndōng to the northeast in the Qīng and Republican periods]. Shànghǎi: Shànghǎi Shèhuì Kēxué Chūbǎnshè 上海社会科学出版社.Google Scholar
Norman, Jerry
(2006) Common Dialectal Chinese. In David Prager Branner (Ed.), The Chinese rime-tables: Linguistic philosophy and historical-comparative phonology (pp. 233–254). Amsterdam: John Benjamins; Chinese translation: Hànyǔ Fāngyán Tōngyīn 汉语方言通音, tr. Richard VanNess Simmons and Zhāng Yànhóng 张艳红. Fangyan 方言 [Dialect] 2011/2, 97-116. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Pletcher, Kenneth
(Ed.) (2011) The geography of China: Sacred and historic places. New York: Britannica Educational Publishing.Google Scholar
Qián, Zēngyí
钱曾怡 (Ed.) (2010) Hànyǔ Guānhuà Fāngyán Yánjiū 汉语官话方言研究 [Research in the Chinese Mandarin Dialects]. Jǐnán 济南: Qílǔ Shūshè 齐鲁书社.Google Scholar
Spence, Jonathan D
(2002) The K’ang-hsi Reign. In Willard J. Peterson (Ed.), The Cambridge history of China, 1st ed., Volume 91, Part 1, Chapter 2, The Ch’ing Empire to 1800 (pp. 120–182). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Wáng, Hóng
王红 (2010) Zhào Běnshān xiạ̌opǐn zhōng de Dōngběi fāngyán 赵本山小品中的东北方言 [The northeastern dialect in Zhào Běnshān’s skits]. Shídài Wénxué 时代文学 [Literature of the times], 2010/111, 119–120.Google Scholar
Xióng, Zhènghuī
熊正輝 (1990) Guānhuà qū fāngyán fēn ts tʂ de lèixíng 官话区方言分区 ts tʂ 的类型 [Types by distinction of ts and tʂ in Mandarin area dialects]. Fāngyán 方 言 [Dialect], 1990/11, 1–10.Google Scholar
Xú, Hóngmíng徐洪明, Jiāng, Xījùn
, 姜希俊 (2001) Dù Měng ‘zhàn rén’ zú jí kǎo 杜蒙“站人”族籍考 [An investigaton of the origins of the Zhàn people of Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County]. Dàqìng Shèhuì Kēxué大庆社会科学 [Daqing Social Science], 2001/51, 51–52.Google Scholar
Yóu, Rǔjié
游汝杰 (1993) Hēilóngjiāng shěng de zhànrén hé zhànhuà shùlüè 黑龙江省的站人和站话述略” [A brief discussion of postal workers and the postal dialect in Hēilóngjiāng province]. Fāngyán 方言 [Dialect], 1993/21, 142–147.Google Scholar
Zhāng, Shìfāng
张世方 (2009) Dōngběi fāngyán zhī xì shēngmǔ de yǎnbiàn 东北方言知系声母的演变 [The evolution of the zhī initial set in the Dōngběi dialects]. Hànyǔ Xuébào 汉语学报 [Journal of Chinese Linguistics], 2009/11, 15–22.Google Scholar
Zhāng, Zhìmǐn
张志敏 (2005) Dōngběi Guānhuà de fēnqū (gǎo) 东北官话的分区(稿) [Classification of the Northeastern Mandarin dialects (Draft)]. Fāngyán 方 言 [Dialect], 2005/21, 141–148.Google Scholar
张志敏 (2008) Běijīng Guānhuà 北京官话 [The Běijīng Dialect]. Fāngyán 方 言 [Dialect], 2008/11, 70–75.Google Scholar
Zhào, Yīnglán
赵英兰 (2004) Qīngdài dōngběi rénkǒu de tǒngjì fēnxi 清代东北人口的统计分析 [Statistical analysis of the population of the Northeast in the Qīng]. Rénkǒuxué Kān人口学刊 ( Population Journal ), 2004/41, 49–53.Google Scholar