The rise of demonstrative-based first/second-person markers in the history of Japanese
A speaker subjectivity account
This paper explores the rise of demonstrative-based person markers in the history of Japanese and takes Ishiyama’s spatial semantic approach as its point of departure. Despite the claim that demonstrative-based person markers remained functionally demonstrative, I argue that they began to manifest the category of person from an early stage of their development; that is to say, thanks to speaker innovation, demonstratives underwent semantic re-analysis to become markers representing the speaker’s ego in the reality of discourse. This paper also pinpoints that two notions, distancing and dissimilarity, are not spelled out in Ishiyama’s framework. In conclusion, the substitution of the first-person marker for the second-person marker is analysed tentatively using Keller’s theory of linguistic signs.
References
CDJL, Comprehensive Dictionary of Japanese Language, IV (Kokugo Dai-jiten V)
Imamiya no Shinjū
[Love Suicides in Imamiya]
1711 By
Monzaemon Chikamatsu. In
Tameo Yamane (ed.),
Chikamatsu Monzaemon Shū [
‘A Collection of Chikamatsu Monzaemon’s Works’1]. Tokyo: Shogakukan 1998.
Izayoi Nikki
[Izayoi Diary]
1279 By
Abutsuni. In
Miyoko Iwasa (ed.),
Chūsei Nikki Kikō-shū [
Diaries and Travel Essays in the Medieval Period]. Tokyo: Shogakukan 1994.
Kagerō Nikki
[Kagero Diary)
974–995 By the mother of
Michitsuna. In
Tsutomu Kakimoto (ed.),
Kagerō Nikki Zen Chūshaku [
A Completely Annotated Edition of Kagero Diary]. Tokyo: Kadokawa 1966.
KCDCJ, Kadokawa Comprehensive Dictionary of Classical Japanese (Kadokawa Kogo Dai-jiten)
. Tokyo: Kadokawa
1982, 1984, 1987.
Kōshoku Gonin Onna
[Five Women Who Loved Love]
1686 By
Saikau Ihara. In
Kingoro Maeda (ed.),
Kōshoku Gonin Onna Zen Chūshaku [
A Completely Annotated Edition of the Koshoku Gonin Onna
]. Tokyo: Benseisha 1992.
Tsurezuregusa
(Essays in Idleness)
c.1331 By
Kenkō Yoshida. In
Kōsaku Yasuraoka (ed.),
Tsurezuregusa Zen Chūshaku [
A Completely Annotaed Edition of Tsurezuregusa]. Tokyo: Kadokawa 1967/1968.
Benveniste, Émile
1971 [1966] Problems in General Linguistics. Coral Gables, FL: University of Miami Press.
Bhat, Darbe Narayana Shankara
2004 Pronouns. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Blank, Andreas
1999 “
Why Do New Meanings Occur? A Cognitive Typology of the Motivations for Lexical Semantic Change”. In
Andreas Blank and
Peter Koch (eds),
Historical Semantics and Cognition, 61–89. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Diessel, Holger
2006 “
Demonstratives”. In
Keith Brown (editor-in-chief),
Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 430–35. Second edn. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Doi, Yoichi
1982 “
Kindai no Bunpō I” [A Grammar of Recent Modern Period I]. In
Hiroshi Tsukishima (ed.),
Bunpōshi [
A History of Grammar], 387–465. Tokyo: Taishukan.
Forchheimer, Paul
1953 The Category of Person in Language. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
Fortson IV, Benjamin W
2003 “
An Approach to Semantic Change”. In
Brian D. Joseph and
Richard D. Janda (eds),
The Handbook of Historical Linguistics, 648–66. Oxford: Blackwell.
Frellesvig, Bjarke
2010 A History of the Japanese Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gendai Yōgo no Kiso Chishiki
The Encyclopaedia of Contemporary Words]. Tokyo: Jiyu Kokumin.
Heine, Bernd and Kyung-An Song
2011 “
On the Grammaticalization of Personal Pronouns”.
Journal of Linguistics 471: 587–630.
Itkonen, Esa
2003 What is Language? A Study in the Philosophy of Linguistics. Åbo: Åbo Akademisk Tryckeri.
James, William
1962 Psychology: Briefer Course. New York: Collier Books.
Keller, Rudi
1998 [1995] A Theory of Linguistic Signs. Translated by
Kimberley Duenwald. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kobayashi, Yoshinori
1982 “Kodai no Bunpō” [Grammar of Ancient Times]. In
Hiroshi Tsukishima (ed.),
The History of Grammar [Bunpōsi], 149–386. Tokyo: Taishukan.
Levelt, Willem J.M
1989 Speaking: From Intention to Articulation. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Levelt, Willem J.M
1996 “
Perspective Taking and Ellipsis in Spatial Descriptions”. In
Paul Bloom,
Mary A. Peterson,
Lynn Nadel and
Merrill F. Garrett (eds),
Language and Space, 77–107. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Lyons, John
1977 Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Martin, Samuel E
2004 [1975] A Reference Grammar of Japanese. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
Matthews, Peter Hugoe
2007 Oxford Concise Dictionary of Linguistics. Second edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Morino, Muneaki
1971 “
Kodai no keigo” [Honorifics in Ancient Times]. In
Toshiki Tsujimura (ed.),
Keigoshi [
History of Honorifics], 97–182. Tokyo: Taishukan.
Mühlhäusler, Peter and Rom Harré
1990 Pronouns and People: The Linguistic Construction of Social and Personal Identity. Oxford: Blackwell.
Ono, Susumu
1966 Nihongo no Nenrin [
The Rings of Japanese Language]. Tokyo: Shinchosha.
Radden, Günter and Zoltán Kövecses
1999 “
Towards a Theory of Metonymy”. In
Klaus-Uwe Panther and
Günter Radden (eds),
Metonymy in Language and Thought, 17–59. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Sakanashi, Takazo
1982 “Kindai no Bunpō II” [A Grammar of Muromachi and Edo Periods II]. In
Hiroshi Tsukishiima (ed.),
Bunpōshi [
A History of Grammar], 467–536. Tokyo: Taishukan.
Saxena, Anju
2006 “
Pronouns”. In
Keith Brown (editor-in-chief),
Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, 131–3. Second edn. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Shirane, Haruo
2005 Classical Japanese: A Grammar. New York: Columbia University Press.
Tanaka, Akio
1980 “
Daimeisi” [Pronouns]. In
Kokugo-gakkai [Society for the Study of Japanese Language] (ed.),
Kokugogaku Daijiten [
A Comprehensive Dictionary of Japanese Linguistics], 580–1. Tokyo: Tokyodo.
Tokiwa, Tomoko
2004 “
Eiwa Nichiyō Ku Shū No Ninshōdaimeishi” [Personal Pronouns in English and Japanese in Everyday Conversations]”. In
Kindaigo-kenkyū [
Studies on Early Modern Japanese] vol. 121, Kindaigo-gakkai [The Association of Early Modern Japanese], 293–307. Tokyo: Musashino.
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs and Richard Dasher
2002 Regularity in Semantic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Werner, Abraham
2011 “
Preface: Traces of Bühler’s Semiotic Legacy in Modern Linguistics”. In
Karl Bühler (ed.),
Theory of Language: The Representational Function of Language, xiii–xlvii. Translated by
Donald Fraser Goodwin. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig
1958 Blue and Brown Books: Preliminary Studies for the Philosophical Investigations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Yamazaki, Hisayuki
1963 Kokugo Taigū Hyōgen Taikei no Kenkyū: Kinsei-hen [
A Study on the System of Expressions of Social Verbal Interactions in Japanese: Muromachi and Edo Version]. Tokyo: Musashino.
Yamazaki, Hisayuki
1990 Zoku Kokugo Taigū Hyōgen Taikei no Kenkyū [
A Study on the System of Expressions of Social Verbal Interactions in Japanese, Second Series]. Tokyo: Musashino.
Cited by
Cited by 2 other publications
Jucker, Andreas H.
2018.
Historische Pragmatik. In
Handbuch Pragmatik,
► pp. 132 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 1 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.