The aim of this paper is to explain the use of insults from a relevance-theoretic perspective. To that end, our analysis takes into consideration four variables that, we believe, play a major role in how insults are produced an interpreted: (a) the conventional or innovative nature of the insult; (b) the underlying intentionality (to offend, to praise or to establish/maintain social bonding; (c) the in/correct interpretation of the insult, and (d) the addressee’s reaction or lack thereof. The combination of these variables generates a twenty four case taxonomy that can account for and describe the use of insults in any given (cross)-cultural context. The proposed taxonomy will be here described and exemplified.
2024. E-mpoliteness – creative impoliteness as an expression of digital social capital. Journal of Politeness Research 20:2 ► pp. 227 ff.
Etaywe, Awni
2024. Unmasking Malicious Stance Indicators and Attitudinal Priming: An ‘Evaluative Textbite’ Approach to Identity Attacks in Violent Extremist Discourse. Corpus Pragmatics 8:4 ► pp. 359 ff.
Placencia, María Elena
2024. Racial Slurs on Ecuadorian X/Twitter Interactions: Old and New Realizations, Same Underlying Negative Beliefs. In Evaluating Identities Online, ► pp. 21 ff.
2023. An integrated explicit and implicit offensive language taxonomy. Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 19:1 ► pp. 7 ff.
Love, Robbie & Anna-Brita Stenstrom
2023. Corpus-pragmatic perspectives on the contemporary weakening of fuck: The case of teenage British English conversation. Journal of Pragmatics 216 ► pp. 167 ff.
SturtzSreetharan, Cindi, Sarah Trainer & Alexandra Brewis
2022. The Harm Inflicted by Polite Concern: Language, Fat, and Stigma. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 46:4 ► pp. 683 ff.
Antoniou, Maria
2021. Insults and Swear Words in the TinTin Comic. Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium 6:1 ► pp. 86 ff.
Bączkowska, Anna
2021. “You’re too thick to change the station” – Impoliteness, insults and responses to insults on Twitter. Topics in Linguistics 22:2 ► pp. 62 ff.
Bączkowska, Anna
2022. "HOPE YOU HAVE A SHIT BIRTHDAY YOU FAT CUNT”– cognitive strategies, rhetorical figures and linguistic means used in insulting Tweets. Forum Filologiczne Ateneum :1(10)2022 ► pp. 9 ff.
Dynel, Marta
2021. Desperately seeking intentions: Genuine and jocular insults on social media. Journal of Pragmatics 179 ► pp. 26 ff.
Dynel, Marta & Valeria Sinkeviciute
2021. Conversational Humour. In The Cambridge Handbook of Sociopragmatics, ► pp. 408 ff.
2021. Topics and Settings in Sociopragmatics. In The Cambridge Handbook of Sociopragmatics, ► pp. 247 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 9 january 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
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