Article published in:
Language & CitizenshipEdited by Tommaso M. Milani
[Journal of Language and Politics 14:3] 2015
► pp. 335–358
Integration in Flanders (Belgium) – Citizenship as achievement
How intertwined are ‘citizenship’ and ‘integration’ in Flemish language policies?
In this article we will show, with Flanders (Belgium) as a concrete case, how intertwined integration and citizenship discourses and policies have become in contemporary super-diverse societies. Flanders is a clear example of how integration is gradually being replaced by virtual or moral citizenship. The fact that (moral) citizenship has replaced integration, has as a consequence that the concept of citizenship has shifted, in a subtle way, from a dynamic and contextualized process, which shapes itself in daily practice through social networks, into ‘citizenship as achievement’. This is an achievement that is the sole responsibility of certain groups in society. It is also an impossible achievement, because some are exempt from it and others will always be perceived as not yet belonging to the category of ‘true citizens’.
Keywords: moral citizenship, language ideologies, language and integration policies, super diversity, social networks
Published online: 21 August 2015
https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.14.3.02pul
https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.14.3.02pul
Cited by
Cited by 13 other publications
Ajanovic, Edma, Stefanie Mayer & Birgit Sauer
Dekeyser, Graziela N. M., Paul Puschmann & Orhan Agirdag
Ecevit, Yuksel Alper & Barbara Sgouraki Kinsey
Fuller, Janet M.
Milani, Tommaso M. & Erez Levon
Pulinx, Reinhilde, Piet Van Avermaet & Orhan Agirdag
Putjata, Galina
Putjata, Galina
Putjata, Galina
Putjata, Galina
Van Hoof, Sarah, Sara Nyssen & Sibo Kanobana
Verhaeghe, Floor, Piet Van Avermaet & Ilse Derluyn
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 april 2021. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.