The aim of this article is a systematic investigation of certain grammatical aspects of three languages that came about as by-products of colonial expansion of the Dutch during the seventeenth century: Afrikaans, Negerhollands, and Berbice Dutch. The discussion is centered on three grammatical features that have played an important role either in creolis-tics or in theoretical linguistics: TMA-marking, adpositional phrases, and passive constructions. Since seventeenth-century Dutch is the common lexifier, this language is also taken into account in the overall comparison. It is shown that the three languages related to Dutch form a less homogeneous group than do some of the creoles related to English and French. The main conclusion is that while processes at work during creoli-zation do not have to be uniform and may have different outcomes, the social circumstances existing in the different contact situations constitute a significant factor in the development of the emerging contact languages.
2023. Returning a maverick creole to the fold: the Berbice Dutch enigma revisited. Folia Linguistica 57:1 ► pp. 177 ff.
Plag, Ingo
1994. Creolization and language change: a comparison. In Creolization and Language Change, ► pp. 3 ff.
Roberge, Paul T.
2002. Afrikaans: considering origins. In Language in South Africa, ► pp. 79 ff.
van Sluijs, Robbert
2014. What's Past Is Past: Variation in the Expression of Past Time Reference in Negerhollands Narratives. Journal of Germanic Linguistics 26:3 ► pp. 272 ff.
[no author supplied]
2006. Consolidated References. In The Blackwell Companion to Syntax, ► pp. 439 ff.
[no author supplied]
2017. Bibliography. In The Handbook of Sociolinguistics, ► pp. 453 ff.
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