Cover not available
Part of
Adjective Adverb Interfaces in Romance
Edited by Martin Hummel and Salvador Valera
[Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 242] 2017
► pp. 227–253

Chapter 8
Properties of Romanian adverbs and adjectives from a categorial status perspective

| University of Bucharest
| The “Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti” Institute of Linguistics, Bucharest
In this article we discuss some properties of Romanian adverbs and adjectives from the perspective of their categorial status and, as part of this issue, the distinction between inflection and derivation within the subclass of derived adverbs. In Romanian the majority of adverbs are homonymous to their adjectival counterparts, a possible argument in favour of the single category claim. Romanian adjectives display agreement with the nouns, while adverbs remain invariable (with some exceptions, considered incorrect by normative grammars). However, it is possible to use non-agreeing adjectives in postverbal positions (usually described as adverbial configurations). We examine the distributional properties of adverbs, non-agreeing adjectives and variable (agreeing) adjectives and also the inflectional vs. derivational nature of the adverbial suffix -ește.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Types of Romanian adverbs
    • 2.1Non-analysable adverbs
      • 2.1.1Adverbs homonymous to adjectives
      • 2.1.2Primary adverbs
    • 2.2Suffixed adverbs
  • 3.Non-typical adverbialisation
    • 3.1Participial or supine forms
    • 3.2Nouns
  • 4.Homonymic adverbs and adjectives and their distributional properties
  • 5.Adverbs as noun modifiers
  • 6.Parenthetical positions
  • 7.Derived adverbs and adjectives
    • 7.1The adverbs derived with -ește
    • 7.2The adjectives in -esc
    • 7.3The properties of the adverbs with -ește, between inflection and derivation
      • 7.3.1Lexical category
      • 7.3.2Productivity and paradigmaticity
      • 7.3.3Obligatoriness and replaceability
      • 7.3.4Affix ordering
      • 7.3.5Meaning
  • 8.Conclusions
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at [email protected].

Published online: 21 December 2017
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.242.09mir
References (48)
References
Bauer, Laurie, & Valera, Salvador. 2005. Approaches to Conversion / Zero-derivation. Münster: Waxmann.Google Scholar
Chircu, Adrian. 2008. L’adverbe dans les langues romanes. Études étymologique, lexicale et morphologique. Cluj-Napoca: Casa Cărții de Știință.Google Scholar
Ciszek, Ewa. 2002. ME -lich(e)/-ly. Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 38: 105–129.Google Scholar
Croitor, Blanca, & Giurgea, Ion. 2009. On the so-called Romanian neuter . Bucharest Working Papers in Linguistics 11(2): 21–39.Google Scholar
Croitor, Blanca. 2012. Acordul în limba română. București: Editura Academiei Române.Google Scholar
Dal, Georgette. 2007. Les adverbes de manière en -ment du français: dérivation ou flexion? In Morphologie à Toulouse (Actes du colloque international de morphologie 4ème Décembrettes), Nabil Hathout, & Fabio Montermini (eds), 121–147. Munich: Lincom.Google Scholar
DCR=Dimitrescu, Florica. 1997. Dicționar de cuvinte recente, 2nd edn. București: Logos.Google Scholar
DEX=Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică ‘Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti’ din București. 2009. Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române, 2nd edn. București: Univers Enciclopedic Gold.Google Scholar
DI 1957=Academia Republicii Populare Române, Institutul de Lingvistică din București. 1957. Dicționar invers. București: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Române.Google Scholar
FCLRV=Magdalena Popescu Marin (ed.). 2007. Formarea cuvintelor în limba română veche. București: Editura Academiei Române.Google Scholar
GA 1966=Graur, Alexandru, Avram, Mioara, & Vasiliu, Laura (eds). 1966. Gramatica limbii române. București: Editura Academiei Române.Google Scholar
GALR 2008=Guțu Romalo, Valeria (ed.). 2008. Gramatica limbii române, Vol. I – II. București: Editura Academiei Române.Google Scholar
Giegerich, Heinz J. 2011. The morphology of -ly and the categorial status of ‘adverbs’ in English. English Language and Linguistics 16(3): 341–359. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Goes, Jan. 1999. L’adjectif. Entre nom et verbe. Paris: Duculot.Google Scholar
GR 2013=Pană Dindelegan, Gabriela (ed). 2013. The Grammar of Romanian. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Graur, Alexandru. 1936. Mélanges linguistiques, 1. Paris: Droz.Google Scholar
Haneş, Gheorghina. 1960. Sufixele adverbiale -eşte şi -iceşte . In Studii şi materiale privitoare la formarea cuvintelor în limba română, II, Alexandru Graur, & Jacques Byck (eds), 139–149. Bucureşti: Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România.Google Scholar
Haspelmath, Martin. 1996. Word-class-changing inflection and morphological theory. In Yearbook of Morphology 1995, Geert Booij, & J. van Marle (eds), 43–66. Dordrecht: Kluwer. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Haspelmath, Martin, & Sims, Andrea D. 2010. Understanding Morphology, 2nd edn. London: Hodder Education.Google Scholar
Hengeveld, Kees. 1992. Non-verbal Predication: Theory, Typology, Diachrony [Functional Grammar Series 15]. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hummel, Martin. 2013. Attribution in Romance. Reconstructing the oral and written tradition. Folia Linguistica Historica 34: 1–42. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2014. The adjective-adverb interface in Romance and English. In Adjectives in Germanic and Romance [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 212], Petra Sleeman, Freek Van de Velde, & Harry Perridon (eds), 35–71. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Leech, Geoffrey. 1974. Semantics. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Lunt, Horace G. 2001. Old Church Slavonic – Grammar, 7th rev. edn. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Maiden, Martin. 2015. Morfologia flexionară a pluralului românesc și așa-zisul „neutru” în limba română și în graiurile românești. In Lucrările celui de-al cincilea simpozion internațional de lingvistică. Marius Sala, Maria Stanciu Istrate, & Nicoleta Petuhov (eds), 32–45. București: Editura Academiei Române.Google Scholar
MDN=Marcu, Florin. 2000. Marele dicționar de neologisme. București: Saeculum.Google Scholar
Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm. 1895–1900. Grammaire des langues romanes, II: Morphologie; III: Syntaxe. Paris: H. Welter.Google Scholar
Mendeloff, Henry. 1969. A Manual of Comparative Romance Linguistics: Phonology and Morphology. Washington DC: Catholic University of America Press.Google Scholar
Mëniku, Linda, & Campos, Héctor. 2011. Discovering Albanian, 1: Textbook. Madison WI: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Mîrzea Vasile, Carmen. 2012. Eterogenitatea adverbului românesc. Tipologie și descriere. București: Editura Universității din București.Google Scholar
Pascu, Giorge. 1916. Sufixele româneşti. Bucureşti: Ediţiunea Academiei Române.Google Scholar
Payne, John, Huddleston, Rodney, & Pullum, Geoffrey K. 2010. The distribution and category status of adjectives and adverbs. Word Structure 3(1): 31–81. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Pinkster, Harm. 1972. On Latin Adverbs. Amsterdam: North-Holland.Google Scholar
Plag, Ingo. 2002. Word-formation in English. Cambridge: CUP.Google Scholar
Plank, Frans. 1994. Inflection and derivation. In The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, III, Robert E. Asher (ed.), 1671–1678. Oxford: Pergamon.Google Scholar
Rădulescu Sala, Marina (ed). 2015. Formarea cuvintelor în limba română, IV: Sufixele. Derivarea nominală și adverbială, Partea 1. București: Editura Academiei Române.Google Scholar
Ricca, Davide. 2010. Adverbs. In New Perspectives on Historical Latin Syntax, Vol. 2: Constituent Syntax: Adverbial Phrases, Adverbs, Mood, Tense, Philip Baldi, & Pierluigi Cuzzolin (eds), 109–191. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Rothstein, Robert A. 1993. Polish. In The Slavonic Language, Bernard Comrie, & Greville G. Corbett (eds), 686–758. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Scalise, Sergio. 1990. Constraints on the Italian suffix -mente . In Contemporary Morphology, Wolfgang U. Dressler, Hans C. Luschützky, Oskar Pfeiffer, & John R. Rennison (eds), 87–98. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Short, David. 1993. Czech. In The Slavonic Language, Bernard Comrie, & Greville G. Corbett (eds), 455–532. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Stone, Gerald. 1993. Sorbian. In The Slavonic Language, Bernard Comrie, & Greville G. Corbett (eds), 593–685. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory T. 1998. Inflection. In The Handbook of Morphology, Andrew Spencer, & Arnold M. Zwicky (eds), 13–43. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Torner, Sergi. 2005. On the morphological nature of Spanish adverbs ending in -mente . Probus 17: 115–144. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Van Eeden, Willem. 1985. Édition et étude linguistique. In Willem Van Eeden (ed.), Învățături preste toate zilele (1642), Vol. 2. Amsterdam: Rodopi.Google Scholar
Vasile, Carmen. 2013. Adverbul românesc între continuitate latină, specific balcanic și evoluție internă. București: Editura Muzeului Național al Literaturii Române.Google Scholar
Vasiliu, Laura. 2009. Histoire interne du roumain: formation des mots. In Romanische Sprachgeschichte / Histoire linguistique de la Romania, 3. Teilband / Tome 3. Martin-Dietrich Gleßgen, Christian Schmitt, & Wolfgang Schweickard (eds), 2710–2721. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Wade, Terence. 2011. A Comprehensive Russian Grammar. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Zwicky, Arnold M. 1995. Why English adverbial -ly is not inflectional? In Papers from the 31st Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, Vol. 31(1). Audra Dainora, Rachel Hemphill, Barbara Luka, Barbara Beed, & Sheri Pargman (eds), 523–535. Chicago IL: Chicago Linguistic Society.Google Scholar
Cited by (1)

Cited by one other publication

Métairy, Justine
2022. Verb Classes in the Resultative Construction in Germanic and Romance Languages. Transactions of the Philological Society 120:2 ► pp. 246 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 5 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.