Chapter published in:
When Data Challenges Theory: Unexpected and paradoxical evidence in information structureEdited by Davide Garassino and Daniel Jacob
[Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 273] 2022
► pp. 1–36
IntroductionWhen data challenges theory
The analysis of information structure and its paradoxes
Daniel Jacob | University of Freiburg
This article provides a comprehensive survey on current research on information structure so as to clarify some ‘paradoxical’ effects stemming from the tension between data and theory. Paradoxes are here defined as unexpected data in light of certain assumptions held in mainstream literature. More specifically, we explore two possible sources of paradoxes: certain features of the experimental design and, above all, inadequate discourse models. Mainly considering dislocation and cleft sentences in French and Italian we suggest that some apparent paradoxes (such as non-focalizing clefts or dislocation expressing focus-related functions) can be conceived of as the effect of general pragmatic mechanisms and rhetorical strategies exploited by speakers. We also claim that these effects can be better understood through explicit models of discourse.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Information structure and discourse organization
- 2.1Common ground
- 2.2Information structure and (implicit) questions
- 2.3Alternatives and types of focus
- 3.The ‘building blocks’ of information structure
- 4.The realization of information structure and its ‘natural
paradoxes’
- 4.1Information structure and prosody
- 4.2The IS-prosody-syntax triangle
- 4.3‘Non-canonical’ syntax: Left dislocation and cleft sentences in French and
Italian
- 4.3.1Left dislocation
- 4.3.2Cleft sentences
- 5.Conclusion and overview of the volume
- 5.1As a way of conclusion
- 5.2Contributions to this volume
-
Acknowledgments -
Notes -
References
Published online: 22 February 2022
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.273.00gar
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.273.00gar
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Cited by
Cited by 3 other publications
De Cesare, Anna-Maria
2022. To be or not to be focus adverbials?.
In When Data Challenges Theory [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 273],
► pp. 204 ff. 
Garassino, Davide
2022. Translation as a source of pragmatic interference?.
In When Data Challenges Theory [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 273],
► pp. 272 ff.
Lombardi Vallauri, Edoardo
2022. Distinguishing psychological Given/New from linguistic Topic/Focus makes things clearer.
In When Data Challenges Theory [Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 273],
► pp. 40 ff.
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